import contextlib import collections import pickle import re import sys from unittest import TestCase, main, skipUnless, skip from copy import copy, deepcopy from typing import Any, NoReturn from typing import TypeVar, AnyStr from typing import T, KT, VT # Not in __all__. from typing import Union, Optional, Literal from typing import Tuple, List, Dict, MutableMapping from typing import Callable from typing import Generic, ClassVar, Final, final, Protocol from typing import cast, runtime_checkable from typing import get_type_hints from typing import get_origin, get_args from typing import is_typeddict from typing import no_type_check, no_type_check_decorator from typing import Type from typing import NewType from typing import NamedTuple, TypedDict from typing import IO, TextIO, BinaryIO from typing import Pattern, Match from typing import Annotated, ForwardRef from typing import TypeAlias from typing import ParamSpec, Concatenate, ParamSpecArgs, ParamSpecKwargs from typing import TypeGuard import abc import typing import weakref import types from test import mod_generics_cache from test import _typed_dict_helper class BaseTestCase(TestCase): def assertIsSubclass(self, cls, class_or_tuple, msg=None): if not issubclass(cls, class_or_tuple): message = '%r is not a subclass of %r' % (cls, class_or_tuple) if msg is not None: message += ' : %s' % msg raise self.failureException(message) def assertNotIsSubclass(self, cls, class_or_tuple, msg=None): if issubclass(cls, class_or_tuple): message = '%r is a subclass of %r' % (cls, class_or_tuple) if msg is not None: message += ' : %s' % msg raise self.failureException(message) def clear_caches(self): for f in typing._cleanups: f() class Employee: pass class Manager(Employee): pass class Founder(Employee): pass class ManagingFounder(Manager, Founder): pass class AnyTests(BaseTestCase): def test_any_instance_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, Any) def test_any_subclass_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Employee, Any) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Any, Employee) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Any), 'typing.Any') def test_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(42, Any) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Any[int] # Any is not a generic type. def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class A(Any): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class A(type(Any)): pass def test_cannot_instantiate(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Any() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Any)() def test_any_works_with_alias(self): # These expressions must simply not fail. typing.Match[Any] typing.Pattern[Any] typing.IO[Any] class NoReturnTests(BaseTestCase): def test_noreturn_instance_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, NoReturn) def test_noreturn_subclass_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Employee, NoReturn) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(NoReturn, Employee) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(NoReturn), 'typing.NoReturn') def test_not_generic(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NoReturn[int] def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class A(NoReturn): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class A(type(NoReturn)): pass def test_cannot_instantiate(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NoReturn() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(NoReturn)() class TypeVarTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basic_plain(self): T = TypeVar('T') # T equals itself. self.assertEqual(T, T) # T is an instance of TypeVar self.assertIsInstance(T, TypeVar) def test_typevar_instance_type_error(self): T = TypeVar('T') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, T) def test_typevar_subclass_type_error(self): T = TypeVar('T') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, T) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(T, int) def test_constrained_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X = TypeVar('X', int) X def test_union_unique(self): X = TypeVar('X') Y = TypeVar('Y') self.assertNotEqual(X, Y) self.assertEqual(Union[X], X) self.assertNotEqual(Union[X], Union[X, Y]) self.assertEqual(Union[X, X], X) self.assertNotEqual(Union[X, int], Union[X]) self.assertNotEqual(Union[X, int], Union[int]) self.assertEqual(Union[X, int].__args__, (X, int)) self.assertEqual(Union[X, int].__parameters__, (X,)) self.assertIs(Union[X, int].__origin__, Union) def test_or(self): X = TypeVar('X') # use a string because str doesn't implement # __or__/__ror__ itself self.assertEqual(X | "x", Union[X, "x"]) self.assertEqual("x" | X, Union["x", X]) # make sure the order is correct self.assertEqual(get_args(X | "x"), (X, ForwardRef("x"))) self.assertEqual(get_args("x" | X), (ForwardRef("x"), X)) def test_union_constrained(self): A = TypeVar('A', str, bytes) self.assertNotEqual(Union[A, str], Union[A]) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(T), '~T') self.assertEqual(repr(KT), '~KT') self.assertEqual(repr(VT), '~VT') self.assertEqual(repr(AnyStr), '~AnyStr') T_co = TypeVar('T_co', covariant=True) self.assertEqual(repr(T_co), '+T_co') T_contra = TypeVar('T_contra', contravariant=True) self.assertEqual(repr(T_contra), '-T_contra') def test_no_redefinition(self): self.assertNotEqual(TypeVar('T'), TypeVar('T')) self.assertNotEqual(TypeVar('T', int, str), TypeVar('T', int, str)) def test_cannot_subclass_vars(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class V(TypeVar('T')): pass def test_cannot_subclass_var_itself(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class V(TypeVar): pass def test_cannot_instantiate_vars(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeVar('A')() def test_bound_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeVar('X', bound=42) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeVar('X', str, float, bound=Employee) def test_missing__name__(self): # See bpo-39942 code = ("import typing\n" "T = typing.TypeVar('T')\n" ) exec(code, {}) def test_no_bivariant(self): with self.assertRaises(ValueError): TypeVar('T', covariant=True, contravariant=True) def test_bad_var_substitution(self): T = TypeVar('T') for arg in (), (int, str): with self.subTest(arg=arg): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): List[T][arg] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): list[T][arg] class UnionTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): u = Union[int, float] self.assertNotEqual(u, Union) def test_subclass_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, Union) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Union, int) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Union[int, str], int) def test_union_any(self): u = Union[Any] self.assertEqual(u, Any) u1 = Union[int, Any] u2 = Union[Any, int] u3 = Union[Any, object] self.assertEqual(u1, u2) self.assertNotEqual(u1, Any) self.assertNotEqual(u2, Any) self.assertNotEqual(u3, Any) def test_union_object(self): u = Union[object] self.assertEqual(u, object) u1 = Union[int, object] u2 = Union[object, int] self.assertEqual(u1, u2) self.assertNotEqual(u1, object) self.assertNotEqual(u2, object) def test_unordered(self): u1 = Union[int, float] u2 = Union[float, int] self.assertEqual(u1, u2) def test_single_class_disappears(self): t = Union[Employee] self.assertIs(t, Employee) def test_base_class_kept(self): u = Union[Employee, Manager] self.assertNotEqual(u, Employee) self.assertIn(Employee, u.__args__) self.assertIn(Manager, u.__args__) def test_union_union(self): u = Union[int, float] v = Union[u, Employee] self.assertEqual(v, Union[int, float, Employee]) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Union), 'typing.Union') u = Union[Employee, int] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[%s.Employee, int]' % __name__) u = Union[int, Employee] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[int, %s.Employee]' % __name__) T = TypeVar('T') u = Union[T, int][int] self.assertEqual(repr(u), repr(int)) u = Union[List[int], int] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[typing.List[int], int]') u = Union[list[int], dict[str, float]] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[list[int], dict[str, float]]') u = Union[int | float] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[int, float]') u = Union[None, str] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Optional[str]') u = Union[str, None] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Optional[str]') u = Union[None, str, int] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Union[NoneType, str, int]') u = Optional[str] self.assertEqual(repr(u), 'typing.Optional[str]') def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(Union): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(Union)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(Union[int, str]): pass def test_cannot_instantiate(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Union() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Union)() u = Union[int, float] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): u() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(u)() def test_union_generalization(self): self.assertFalse(Union[str, typing.Iterable[int]] == str) self.assertFalse(Union[str, typing.Iterable[int]] == typing.Iterable[int]) self.assertIn(str, Union[str, typing.Iterable[int]].__args__) self.assertIn(typing.Iterable[int], Union[str, typing.Iterable[int]].__args__) def test_union_compare_other(self): self.assertNotEqual(Union, object) self.assertNotEqual(Union, Any) self.assertNotEqual(ClassVar, Union) self.assertNotEqual(Optional, Union) self.assertNotEqual([None], Optional) self.assertNotEqual(Optional, typing.Mapping) self.assertNotEqual(Optional[typing.MutableMapping], Union) def test_optional(self): o = Optional[int] u = Union[int, None] self.assertEqual(o, u) def test_empty(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Union[()] def test_no_eval_union(self): u = Union[int, str] def f(x: u): ... self.assertIs(get_type_hints(f)['x'], u) def test_function_repr_union(self): def fun() -> int: ... self.assertEqual(repr(Union[fun, int]), 'typing.Union[fun, int]') def test_union_str_pattern(self): # Shouldn't crash; see http://bugs.python.org/issue25390 A = Union[str, Pattern] A def test_etree(self): # See https://github.com/python/typing/issues/229 # (Only relevant for Python 2.) from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element Union[Element, str] # Shouldn't crash def Elem(*args): return Element(*args) Union[Elem, str] # Nor should this class TupleTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Tuple, Tuple[int, str]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(tuple, Tuple[int, str]) class TP(tuple): ... self.assertIsSubclass(tuple, Tuple) self.assertIsSubclass(TP, Tuple) def test_equality(self): self.assertEqual(Tuple[int], Tuple[int]) self.assertEqual(Tuple[int, ...], Tuple[int, ...]) self.assertNotEqual(Tuple[int], Tuple[int, int]) self.assertNotEqual(Tuple[int], Tuple[int, ...]) def test_tuple_subclass(self): class MyTuple(tuple): pass self.assertIsSubclass(MyTuple, Tuple) self.assertIsSubclass(Tuple, Tuple) self.assertIsSubclass(tuple, Tuple) def test_tuple_instance_type_error(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance((0, 0), Tuple[int, int]) self.assertIsInstance((0, 0), Tuple) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Tuple), 'typing.Tuple') self.assertEqual(repr(Tuple[()]), 'typing.Tuple[()]') self.assertEqual(repr(Tuple[int, float]), 'typing.Tuple[int, float]') self.assertEqual(repr(Tuple[int, ...]), 'typing.Tuple[int, ...]') self.assertEqual(repr(Tuple[list[int]]), 'typing.Tuple[list[int]]') def test_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(42, Tuple) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(42, Tuple[int]) class BaseCallableTests: def test_self_subclass(self): Callable = self.Callable with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(types.FunctionType, Callable[[int], int]) self.assertIsSubclass(types.FunctionType, Callable) self.assertIsSubclass(Callable, Callable) def test_eq_hash(self): Callable = self.Callable C = Callable[[int], int] self.assertEqual(C, Callable[[int], int]) self.assertEqual(len({C, Callable[[int], int]}), 1) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable[[int], str]) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable[[str], int]) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable[[int, int], int]) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable[[], int]) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable[..., int]) self.assertNotEqual(C, Callable) def test_cannot_instantiate(self): Callable = self.Callable with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Callable() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Callable)() c = Callable[[int], str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): c() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(c)() def test_callable_wrong_forms(self): Callable = self.Callable with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Callable[int] def test_callable_instance_works(self): Callable = self.Callable def f(): pass self.assertIsInstance(f, Callable) self.assertNotIsInstance(None, Callable) def test_callable_instance_type_error(self): Callable = self.Callable def f(): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): self.assertIsInstance(f, Callable[[], None]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): self.assertIsInstance(f, Callable[[], Any]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): self.assertNotIsInstance(None, Callable[[], None]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): self.assertNotIsInstance(None, Callable[[], Any]) def test_repr(self): Callable = self.Callable fullname = f'{Callable.__module__}.Callable' ct0 = Callable[[], bool] self.assertEqual(repr(ct0), f'{fullname}[[], bool]') ct2 = Callable[[str, float], int] self.assertEqual(repr(ct2), f'{fullname}[[str, float], int]') ctv = Callable[..., str] self.assertEqual(repr(ctv), f'{fullname}[..., str]') ct3 = Callable[[str, float], list[int]] self.assertEqual(repr(ct3), f'{fullname}[[str, float], list[int]]') def test_callable_with_ellipsis(self): Callable = self.Callable def foo(a: Callable[..., T]): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': Callable[..., T]}) def test_ellipsis_in_generic(self): Callable = self.Callable # Shouldn't crash; see https://github.com/python/typing/issues/259 typing.List[Callable[..., str]] def test_or_and_ror(self): Callable = self.Callable self.assertEqual(Callable | Tuple, Union[Callable, Tuple]) self.assertEqual(Tuple | Callable, Union[Tuple, Callable]) def test_basic(self): Callable = self.Callable alias = Callable[[int, str], float] if Callable is collections.abc.Callable: self.assertIsInstance(alias, types.GenericAlias) self.assertIs(alias.__origin__, collections.abc.Callable) self.assertEqual(alias.__args__, (int, str, float)) self.assertEqual(alias.__parameters__, ()) def test_weakref(self): Callable = self.Callable alias = Callable[[int, str], float] self.assertEqual(weakref.ref(alias)(), alias) def test_pickle(self): Callable = self.Callable alias = Callable[[int, str], float] for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): s = pickle.dumps(alias, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(s) self.assertEqual(alias.__origin__, loaded.__origin__) self.assertEqual(alias.__args__, loaded.__args__) self.assertEqual(alias.__parameters__, loaded.__parameters__) def test_var_substitution(self): Callable = self.Callable fullname = f"{Callable.__module__}.Callable" C1 = Callable[[int, T], T] C2 = Callable[[KT, T], VT] C3 = Callable[..., T] self.assertEqual(C1[str], Callable[[int, str], str]) if Callable is typing.Callable: self.assertEqual(C1[None], Callable[[int, type(None)], type(None)]) self.assertEqual(C2[int, float, str], Callable[[int, float], str]) self.assertEqual(C3[int], Callable[..., int]) self.assertEqual(C3[NoReturn], Callable[..., NoReturn]) # multi chaining C4 = C2[int, VT, str] self.assertEqual(repr(C4), f"{fullname}[[int, ~VT], str]") self.assertEqual(repr(C4[dict]), f"{fullname}[[int, dict], str]") self.assertEqual(C4[dict], Callable[[int, dict], str]) # substitute a nested GenericAlias (both typing and the builtin # version) C5 = Callable[[typing.List[T], tuple[KT, T], VT], int] self.assertEqual(C5[int, str, float], Callable[[typing.List[int], tuple[str, int], float], int]) def test_type_erasure(self): Callable = self.Callable class C1(Callable): def __call__(self): return None a = C1[[int], T] self.assertIs(a().__class__, C1) self.assertEqual(a().__orig_class__, C1[[int], T]) def test_paramspec(self): Callable = self.Callable fullname = f"{Callable.__module__}.Callable" P = ParamSpec('P') P2 = ParamSpec('P2') C1 = Callable[P, T] # substitution self.assertEqual(C1[[int], str], Callable[[int], str]) self.assertEqual(C1[[int, str], str], Callable[[int, str], str]) self.assertEqual(C1[[], str], Callable[[], str]) self.assertEqual(C1[..., str], Callable[..., str]) self.assertEqual(C1[P2, str], Callable[P2, str]) self.assertEqual(C1[Concatenate[int, P2], str], Callable[Concatenate[int, P2], str]) self.assertEqual(repr(C1), f"{fullname}[~P, ~T]") self.assertEqual(repr(C1[[int, str], str]), f"{fullname}[[int, str], str]") with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C1[int, str] C2 = Callable[P, int] self.assertEqual(C2[[int]], Callable[[int], int]) self.assertEqual(C2[[int, str]], Callable[[int, str], int]) self.assertEqual(C2[[]], Callable[[], int]) self.assertEqual(C2[...], Callable[..., int]) self.assertEqual(C2[P2], Callable[P2, int]) self.assertEqual(C2[Concatenate[int, P2]], Callable[Concatenate[int, P2], int]) # special case in PEP 612 where # X[int, str, float] == X[[int, str, float]] self.assertEqual(C2[int], Callable[[int], int]) self.assertEqual(C2[int, str], Callable[[int, str], int]) self.assertEqual(repr(C2), f"{fullname}[~P, int]") self.assertEqual(repr(C2[int, str]), f"{fullname}[[int, str], int]") def test_concatenate(self): Callable = self.Callable fullname = f"{Callable.__module__}.Callable" T = TypeVar('T') P = ParamSpec('P') P2 = ParamSpec('P2') C = Callable[Concatenate[int, P], T] self.assertEqual(repr(C), f"{fullname}[typing.Concatenate[int, ~P], ~T]") self.assertEqual(C[P2, int], Callable[Concatenate[int, P2], int]) self.assertEqual(C[[str, float], int], Callable[[int, str, float], int]) self.assertEqual(C[[], int], Callable[[int], int]) self.assertEqual(C[Concatenate[str, P2], int], Callable[Concatenate[int, str, P2], int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[..., int] C = Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int] self.assertEqual(repr(C), f"{fullname}[typing.Concatenate[int, ~P], int]") self.assertEqual(C[P2], Callable[Concatenate[int, P2], int]) self.assertEqual(C[[str, float]], Callable[[int, str, float], int]) self.assertEqual(C[str, float], Callable[[int, str, float], int]) self.assertEqual(C[[]], Callable[[int], int]) self.assertEqual(C[Concatenate[str, P2]], Callable[Concatenate[int, str, P2], int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[...] def test_errors(self): Callable = self.Callable alias = Callable[[int, str], float] with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "is not a generic class"): alias[int] P = ParamSpec('P') C1 = Callable[P, T] with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "many arguments for"): C1[int, str, str] with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "few arguments for"): C1[int] class TypingCallableTests(BaseCallableTests, BaseTestCase): Callable = typing.Callable def test_consistency(self): # bpo-42195 # Testing collections.abc.Callable's consistency with typing.Callable c1 = typing.Callable[[int, str], dict] c2 = collections.abc.Callable[[int, str], dict] self.assertEqual(c1.__args__, c2.__args__) self.assertEqual(hash(c1.__args__), hash(c2.__args__)) class CollectionsCallableTests(BaseCallableTests, BaseTestCase): Callable = collections.abc.Callable class LiteralTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): # All of these are allowed. Literal[1] Literal[1, 2, 3] Literal["x", "y", "z"] Literal[None] Literal[True] Literal[1, "2", False] Literal[Literal[1, 2], Literal[4, 5]] Literal[b"foo", u"bar"] def test_illegal_parameters_do_not_raise_runtime_errors(self): # Type checkers should reject these types, but we do not # raise errors at runtime to maintain maximium flexibility. Literal[int] Literal[3j + 2, ..., ()] Literal[{"foo": 3, "bar": 4}] Literal[T] def test_literals_inside_other_types(self): List[Literal[1, 2, 3]] List[Literal[("foo", "bar", "baz")]] def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Literal[1]), "typing.Literal[1]") self.assertEqual(repr(Literal[1, True, "foo"]), "typing.Literal[1, True, 'foo']") self.assertEqual(repr(Literal[int]), "typing.Literal[int]") self.assertEqual(repr(Literal), "typing.Literal") self.assertEqual(repr(Literal[None]), "typing.Literal[None]") self.assertEqual(repr(Literal[1, 2, 3, 3]), "typing.Literal[1, 2, 3]") def test_cannot_init(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Literal() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Literal[1]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Literal)() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Literal[1])() def test_no_isinstance_or_issubclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(1, Literal[1]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(int, Literal[1]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(1, Literal[1]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, Literal[1]) def test_no_subclassing(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class Foo(Literal[1]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class Bar(Literal): pass def test_no_multiple_subscripts(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Literal[1][1] def test_equal(self): self.assertNotEqual(Literal[0], Literal[False]) self.assertNotEqual(Literal[True], Literal[1]) self.assertNotEqual(Literal[1], Literal[2]) self.assertNotEqual(Literal[1, True], Literal[1]) self.assertNotEqual(Literal[1, True], Literal[1, 1]) self.assertNotEqual(Literal[1, 2], Literal[True, 2]) self.assertEqual(Literal[1], Literal[1]) self.assertEqual(Literal[1, 2], Literal[2, 1]) self.assertEqual(Literal[1, 2, 3], Literal[1, 2, 3, 3]) def test_hash(self): self.assertEqual(hash(Literal[1]), hash(Literal[1])) self.assertEqual(hash(Literal[1, 2]), hash(Literal[2, 1])) self.assertEqual(hash(Literal[1, 2, 3]), hash(Literal[1, 2, 3, 3])) def test_args(self): self.assertEqual(Literal[1, 2, 3].__args__, (1, 2, 3)) self.assertEqual(Literal[1, 2, 3, 3].__args__, (1, 2, 3)) self.assertEqual(Literal[1, Literal[2], Literal[3, 4]].__args__, (1, 2, 3, 4)) # Mutable arguments will not be deduplicated self.assertEqual(Literal[[], []].__args__, ([], [])) def test_flatten(self): l1 = Literal[Literal[1], Literal[2], Literal[3]] l2 = Literal[Literal[1, 2], 3] l3 = Literal[Literal[1, 2, 3]] for l in l1, l2, l3: self.assertEqual(l, Literal[1, 2, 3]) self.assertEqual(l.__args__, (1, 2, 3)) XK = TypeVar('XK', str, bytes) XV = TypeVar('XV') class SimpleMapping(Generic[XK, XV]): def __getitem__(self, key: XK) -> XV: ... def __setitem__(self, key: XK, value: XV): ... def get(self, key: XK, default: XV = None) -> XV: ... class MySimpleMapping(SimpleMapping[XK, XV]): def __init__(self): self.store = {} def __getitem__(self, key: str): return self.store[key] def __setitem__(self, key: str, value): self.store[key] = value def get(self, key: str, default=None): try: return self.store[key] except KeyError: return default class Coordinate(Protocol): x: int y: int @runtime_checkable class Point(Coordinate, Protocol): label: str class MyPoint: x: int y: int label: str class XAxis(Protocol): x: int class YAxis(Protocol): y: int @runtime_checkable class Position(XAxis, YAxis, Protocol): pass @runtime_checkable class Proto(Protocol): attr: int def meth(self, arg: str) -> int: ... class Concrete(Proto): pass class Other: attr: int = 1 def meth(self, arg: str) -> int: if arg == 'this': return 1 return 0 class NT(NamedTuple): x: int y: int @runtime_checkable class HasCallProtocol(Protocol): __call__: typing.Callable class ProtocolTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basic_protocol(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): def meth(self): pass class C: pass class D: def meth(self): pass def f(): pass self.assertIsSubclass(D, P) self.assertIsInstance(D(), P) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C, P) self.assertNotIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertNotIsSubclass(types.FunctionType, P) self.assertNotIsInstance(f, P) def test_everything_implements_empty_protocol(self): @runtime_checkable class Empty(Protocol): pass class C: pass def f(): pass for thing in (object, type, tuple, C, types.FunctionType): self.assertIsSubclass(thing, Empty) for thing in (object(), 1, (), typing, f): self.assertIsInstance(thing, Empty) def test_function_implements_protocol(self): def f(): pass self.assertIsInstance(f, HasCallProtocol) def test_no_inheritance_from_nominal(self): class C: pass class BP(Protocol): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(C, Protocol): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(Protocol, C): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(BP, C, Protocol): pass class D(BP, C): pass class E(C, BP): pass self.assertNotIsInstance(D(), E) self.assertNotIsInstance(E(), D) def test_no_instantiation(self): class P(Protocol): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): P() class C(P): pass self.assertIsInstance(C(), C) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C(42) T = TypeVar('T') class PG(Protocol[T]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): PG() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): PG[int]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): PG[T]() class CG(PG[T]): pass self.assertIsInstance(CG[int](), CG) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): CG[int](42) def test_cannot_instantiate_abstract(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): @abc.abstractmethod def ameth(self) -> int: raise NotImplementedError class B(P): pass class C(B): def ameth(self) -> int: return 26 with self.assertRaises(TypeError): B() self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) def test_subprotocols_extending(self): class P1(Protocol): def meth1(self): pass @runtime_checkable class P2(P1, Protocol): def meth2(self): pass class C: def meth1(self): pass def meth2(self): pass class C1: def meth1(self): pass class C2: def meth2(self): pass self.assertNotIsInstance(C1(), P2) self.assertNotIsInstance(C2(), P2) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C1, P2) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C2, P2) self.assertIsInstance(C(), P2) self.assertIsSubclass(C, P2) def test_subprotocols_merging(self): class P1(Protocol): def meth1(self): pass class P2(Protocol): def meth2(self): pass @runtime_checkable class P(P1, P2, Protocol): pass class C: def meth1(self): pass def meth2(self): pass class C1: def meth1(self): pass class C2: def meth2(self): pass self.assertNotIsInstance(C1(), P) self.assertNotIsInstance(C2(), P) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C1, P) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C2, P) self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertIsSubclass(C, P) def test_protocols_issubclass(self): T = TypeVar('T') @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): def x(self): ... @runtime_checkable class PG(Protocol[T]): def x(self): ... class BadP(Protocol): def x(self): ... class BadPG(Protocol[T]): def x(self): ... class C: def x(self): ... self.assertIsSubclass(C, P) self.assertIsSubclass(C, PG) self.assertIsSubclass(BadP, PG) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, PG[T]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, PG[C]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, BadP) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, BadPG) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(P, PG[T]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(PG, PG[int]) def test_protocols_issubclass_non_callable(self): class C: x = 1 @runtime_checkable class PNonCall(Protocol): x = 1 with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, PNonCall) self.assertIsInstance(C(), PNonCall) PNonCall.register(C) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C, PNonCall) self.assertIsInstance(C(), PNonCall) # check that non-protocol subclasses are not affected class D(PNonCall): ... self.assertNotIsSubclass(C, D) self.assertNotIsInstance(C(), D) D.register(C) self.assertIsSubclass(C, D) self.assertIsInstance(C(), D) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(D, PNonCall) def test_protocols_isinstance(self): T = TypeVar('T') @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): def meth(x): ... @runtime_checkable class PG(Protocol[T]): def meth(x): ... class BadP(Protocol): def meth(x): ... class BadPG(Protocol[T]): def meth(x): ... class C: def meth(x): ... self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertIsInstance(C(), PG) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(C(), PG[T]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(C(), PG[C]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(C(), BadP) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(C(), BadPG) def test_protocols_isinstance_py36(self): class APoint: def __init__(self, x, y, label): self.x = x self.y = y self.label = label class BPoint: label = 'B' def __init__(self, x, y): self.x = x self.y = y class C: def __init__(self, attr): self.attr = attr def meth(self, arg): return 0 class Bad: pass self.assertIsInstance(APoint(1, 2, 'A'), Point) self.assertIsInstance(BPoint(1, 2), Point) self.assertNotIsInstance(MyPoint(), Point) self.assertIsInstance(BPoint(1, 2), Position) self.assertIsInstance(Other(), Proto) self.assertIsInstance(Concrete(), Proto) self.assertIsInstance(C(42), Proto) self.assertNotIsInstance(Bad(), Proto) self.assertNotIsInstance(Bad(), Point) self.assertNotIsInstance(Bad(), Position) self.assertNotIsInstance(Bad(), Concrete) self.assertNotIsInstance(Other(), Concrete) self.assertIsInstance(NT(1, 2), Position) def test_protocols_isinstance_init(self): T = TypeVar('T') @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): x = 1 @runtime_checkable class PG(Protocol[T]): x = 1 class C: def __init__(self, x): self.x = x self.assertIsInstance(C(1), P) self.assertIsInstance(C(1), PG) def test_protocol_checks_after_subscript(self): class P(Protocol[T]): pass class C(P[T]): pass class Other1: pass class Other2: pass CA = C[Any] self.assertNotIsInstance(Other1(), C) self.assertNotIsSubclass(Other2, C) class D1(C[Any]): pass class D2(C[Any]): pass CI = C[int] self.assertIsInstance(D1(), C) self.assertIsSubclass(D2, C) def test_protocols_support_register(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): x = 1 class PM(Protocol): def meth(self): pass class D(PM): pass class C: pass D.register(C) P.register(C) self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertIsInstance(C(), D) def test_none_on_non_callable_doesnt_block_implementation(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): x = 1 class A: x = 1 class B(A): x = None class C: def __init__(self): self.x = None self.assertIsInstance(B(), P) self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) def test_none_on_callable_blocks_implementation(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): def x(self): ... class A: def x(self): ... class B(A): x = None class C: def __init__(self): self.x = None self.assertNotIsInstance(B(), P) self.assertNotIsInstance(C(), P) def test_non_protocol_subclasses(self): class P(Protocol): x = 1 @runtime_checkable class PR(Protocol): def meth(self): pass class NonP(P): x = 1 class NonPR(PR): pass class C: x = 1 class D: def meth(self): pass self.assertNotIsInstance(C(), NonP) self.assertNotIsInstance(D(), NonPR) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C, NonP) self.assertNotIsSubclass(D, NonPR) self.assertIsInstance(NonPR(), PR) self.assertIsSubclass(NonPR, PR) def test_custom_subclasshook(self): class P(Protocol): x = 1 class OKClass: pass class BadClass: x = 1 class C(P): @classmethod def __subclasshook__(cls, other): return other.__name__.startswith("OK") self.assertIsInstance(OKClass(), C) self.assertNotIsInstance(BadClass(), C) self.assertIsSubclass(OKClass, C) self.assertNotIsSubclass(BadClass, C) def test_issubclass_fails_correctly(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): x = 1 class C: pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(C(), P) def test_defining_generic_protocols(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') @runtime_checkable class PR(Protocol[T, S]): def meth(self): pass class P(PR[int, T], Protocol[T]): y = 1 with self.assertRaises(TypeError): PR[int] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): P[int, str] class C(PR[int, T]): pass self.assertIsInstance(C[str](), C) def test_defining_generic_protocols_old_style(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') @runtime_checkable class PR(Protocol, Generic[T, S]): def meth(self): pass class P(PR[int, str], Protocol): y = 1 with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(PR[int, str], PR) self.assertIsSubclass(P, PR) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): PR[int] class P1(Protocol, Generic[T]): def bar(self, x: T) -> str: ... class P2(Generic[T], Protocol): def bar(self, x: T) -> str: ... @runtime_checkable class PSub(P1[str], Protocol): x = 1 class Test: x = 1 def bar(self, x: str) -> str: return x self.assertIsInstance(Test(), PSub) def test_init_called(self): T = TypeVar('T') class P(Protocol[T]): pass class C(P[T]): def __init__(self): self.test = 'OK' self.assertEqual(C[int]().test, 'OK') class B: def __init__(self): self.test = 'OK' class D1(B, P[T]): pass self.assertEqual(D1[int]().test, 'OK') class D2(P[T], B): pass self.assertEqual(D2[int]().test, 'OK') def test_new_called(self): T = TypeVar('T') class P(Protocol[T]): pass class C(P[T]): def __new__(cls, *args): self = super().__new__(cls, *args) self.test = 'OK' return self self.assertEqual(C[int]().test, 'OK') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[int](42) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[int](a=42) def test_protocols_bad_subscripts(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(Protocol[T, T]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(Protocol[int]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(Protocol[T], Protocol[S]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class P(typing.Mapping[T, S], Protocol[T]): pass def test_generic_protocols_repr(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') class P(Protocol[T, S]): pass self.assertTrue(repr(P[T, S]).endswith('P[~T, ~S]')) self.assertTrue(repr(P[int, str]).endswith('P[int, str]')) def test_generic_protocols_eq(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') class P(Protocol[T, S]): pass self.assertEqual(P, P) self.assertEqual(P[int, T], P[int, T]) self.assertEqual(P[T, T][Tuple[T, S]][int, str], P[Tuple[int, str], Tuple[int, str]]) def test_generic_protocols_special_from_generic(self): T = TypeVar('T') class P(Protocol[T]): pass self.assertEqual(P.__parameters__, (T,)) self.assertEqual(P[int].__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(P[int].__args__, (int,)) self.assertIs(P[int].__origin__, P) def test_generic_protocols_special_from_protocol(self): @runtime_checkable class PR(Protocol): x = 1 class P(Protocol): def meth(self): pass T = TypeVar('T') class PG(Protocol[T]): x = 1 def meth(self): pass self.assertTrue(P._is_protocol) self.assertTrue(PR._is_protocol) self.assertTrue(PG._is_protocol) self.assertFalse(P._is_runtime_protocol) self.assertTrue(PR._is_runtime_protocol) self.assertTrue(PG[int]._is_protocol) self.assertEqual(typing._get_protocol_attrs(P), {'meth'}) self.assertEqual(typing._get_protocol_attrs(PR), {'x'}) self.assertEqual(frozenset(typing._get_protocol_attrs(PG)), frozenset({'x', 'meth'})) def test_no_runtime_deco_on_nominal(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): @runtime_checkable class C: pass class Proto(Protocol): x = 1 with self.assertRaises(TypeError): @runtime_checkable class Concrete(Proto): pass def test_none_treated_correctly(self): @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol): x = None # type: int class B(object): pass self.assertNotIsInstance(B(), P) class C: x = 1 class D: x = None self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertIsInstance(D(), P) class CI: def __init__(self): self.x = 1 class DI: def __init__(self): self.x = None self.assertIsInstance(C(), P) self.assertIsInstance(D(), P) def test_protocols_in_unions(self): class P(Protocol): x = None # type: int Alias = typing.Union[typing.Iterable, P] Alias2 = typing.Union[P, typing.Iterable] self.assertEqual(Alias, Alias2) def test_protocols_pickleable(self): global P, CP # pickle wants to reference the class by name T = TypeVar('T') @runtime_checkable class P(Protocol[T]): x = 1 class CP(P[int]): pass c = CP() c.foo = 42 c.bar = 'abc' for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(c, proto) x = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(x.foo, 42) self.assertEqual(x.bar, 'abc') self.assertEqual(x.x, 1) self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {'foo': 42, 'bar': 'abc'}) s = pickle.dumps(P) D = pickle.loads(s) class E: x = 1 self.assertIsInstance(E(), D) def test_supports_int(self): self.assertIsSubclass(int, typing.SupportsInt) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsInt) def test_supports_float(self): self.assertIsSubclass(float, typing.SupportsFloat) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsFloat) def test_supports_complex(self): # Note: complex itself doesn't have __complex__. class C: def __complex__(self): return 0j self.assertIsSubclass(C, typing.SupportsComplex) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsComplex) def test_supports_bytes(self): # Note: bytes itself doesn't have __bytes__. class B: def __bytes__(self): return b'' self.assertIsSubclass(B, typing.SupportsBytes) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsBytes) def test_supports_abs(self): self.assertIsSubclass(float, typing.SupportsAbs) self.assertIsSubclass(int, typing.SupportsAbs) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsAbs) def test_supports_round(self): issubclass(float, typing.SupportsRound) self.assertIsSubclass(float, typing.SupportsRound) self.assertIsSubclass(int, typing.SupportsRound) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsRound) def test_reversible(self): self.assertIsSubclass(list, typing.Reversible) self.assertNotIsSubclass(int, typing.Reversible) def test_supports_index(self): self.assertIsSubclass(int, typing.SupportsIndex) self.assertNotIsSubclass(str, typing.SupportsIndex) def test_bundled_protocol_instance_works(self): self.assertIsInstance(0, typing.SupportsAbs) class C1(typing.SupportsInt): def __int__(self) -> int: return 42 class C2(C1): pass c = C2() self.assertIsInstance(c, C1) def test_collections_protocols_allowed(self): @runtime_checkable class Custom(collections.abc.Iterable, Protocol): def close(self): ... class A: pass class B: def __iter__(self): return [] def close(self): return 0 self.assertIsSubclass(B, Custom) self.assertNotIsSubclass(A, Custom) def test_builtin_protocol_allowlist(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class CustomProtocol(TestCase, Protocol): pass class CustomContextManager(typing.ContextManager, Protocol): pass def test_non_runtime_protocol_isinstance_check(self): class P(Protocol): x: int with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "@runtime_checkable"): isinstance(1, P) def test_super_call_init(self): class P(Protocol): x: int class Foo(P): def __init__(self): super().__init__() Foo() # Previously triggered RecursionError class GenericTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): X = SimpleMapping[str, Any] self.assertEqual(X.__parameters__, ()) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X[str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X[str, str] Y = SimpleMapping[XK, str] self.assertEqual(Y.__parameters__, (XK,)) Y[str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Y[str, str] SM1 = SimpleMapping[str, int] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(SM1, SimpleMapping) self.assertIsInstance(SM1(), SimpleMapping) T = TypeVar("T") self.assertEqual(List[list[T] | float].__parameters__, (T,)) def test_generic_errors(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Generic[T][T] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Generic[T][S] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(Generic[T], Generic[T]): ... with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance([], List[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(list, List[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class NewGeneric(Generic): ... with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class MyGeneric(Generic[T], Generic[S]): ... with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class MyGeneric(List[T], Generic[S]): ... def test_init(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Generic[T, T] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Generic[T, S, T] def test_init_subclass(self): class X(typing.Generic[T]): def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs): super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs) cls.attr = 42 class Y(X): pass self.assertEqual(Y.attr, 42) with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): X.attr X.attr = 1 Y.attr = 2 class Z(Y): pass class W(X[int]): pass self.assertEqual(Y.attr, 2) self.assertEqual(Z.attr, 42) self.assertEqual(W.attr, 42) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(SimpleMapping), f"") self.assertEqual(repr(MySimpleMapping), f"") def test_chain_repr(self): T = TypeVar('T') S = TypeVar('S') class C(Generic[T]): pass X = C[Tuple[S, T]] self.assertEqual(X, C[Tuple[S, T]]) self.assertNotEqual(X, C[Tuple[T, S]]) Y = X[T, int] self.assertEqual(Y, X[T, int]) self.assertNotEqual(Y, X[S, int]) self.assertNotEqual(Y, X[T, str]) Z = Y[str] self.assertEqual(Z, Y[str]) self.assertNotEqual(Z, Y[int]) self.assertNotEqual(Z, Y[T]) self.assertTrue(str(Z).endswith( '.C[typing.Tuple[str, int]]')) def test_new_repr(self): T = TypeVar('T') U = TypeVar('U', covariant=True) S = TypeVar('S') self.assertEqual(repr(List), 'typing.List') self.assertEqual(repr(List[T]), 'typing.List[~T]') self.assertEqual(repr(List[U]), 'typing.List[+U]') self.assertEqual(repr(List[S][T][int]), 'typing.List[int]') self.assertEqual(repr(List[int]), 'typing.List[int]') def test_new_repr_complex(self): T = TypeVar('T') TS = TypeVar('TS') self.assertEqual(repr(typing.Mapping[T, TS][TS, T]), 'typing.Mapping[~TS, ~T]') self.assertEqual(repr(List[Tuple[T, TS]][int, T]), 'typing.List[typing.Tuple[int, ~T]]') self.assertEqual( repr(List[Tuple[T, T]][List[int]]), 'typing.List[typing.Tuple[typing.List[int], typing.List[int]]]' ) def test_new_repr_bare(self): T = TypeVar('T') self.assertEqual(repr(Generic[T]), 'typing.Generic[~T]') self.assertEqual(repr(typing.Protocol[T]), 'typing.Protocol[~T]') class C(typing.Dict[Any, Any]): ... # this line should just work repr(C.__mro__) def test_dict(self): T = TypeVar('T') class B(Generic[T]): pass b = B() b.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(b.__dict__, {'foo': 42}) class C(B[int]): pass c = C() c.bar = 'abc' self.assertEqual(c.__dict__, {'bar': 'abc'}) def test_subscripted_generics_as_proxies(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(Generic[T]): x = 'def' self.assertEqual(C[int].x, 'def') self.assertEqual(C[C[int]].x, 'def') C[C[int]].x = 'changed' self.assertEqual(C.x, 'changed') self.assertEqual(C[str].x, 'changed') C[List[str]].z = 'new' self.assertEqual(C.z, 'new') self.assertEqual(C[Tuple[int]].z, 'new') self.assertEqual(C().x, 'changed') self.assertEqual(C[Tuple[str]]().z, 'new') class D(C[T]): pass self.assertEqual(D[int].x, 'changed') self.assertEqual(D.z, 'new') D.z = 'from derived z' D[int].x = 'from derived x' self.assertEqual(C.x, 'changed') self.assertEqual(C[int].z, 'new') self.assertEqual(D.x, 'from derived x') self.assertEqual(D[str].z, 'from derived z') def test_abc_registry_kept(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(collections.abc.Mapping, Generic[T]): ... C.register(int) self.assertIsInstance(1, C) C[int] self.assertIsInstance(1, C) C._abc_registry_clear() C._abc_caches_clear() # To keep refleak hunting mode clean def test_false_subclasses(self): class MyMapping(MutableMapping[str, str]): pass self.assertNotIsInstance({}, MyMapping) self.assertNotIsSubclass(dict, MyMapping) def test_abc_bases(self): class MM(MutableMapping[str, str]): def __getitem__(self, k): return None def __setitem__(self, k, v): pass def __delitem__(self, k): pass def __iter__(self): return iter(()) def __len__(self): return 0 # this should just work MM().update() self.assertIsInstance(MM(), collections.abc.MutableMapping) self.assertIsInstance(MM(), MutableMapping) self.assertNotIsInstance(MM(), List) self.assertNotIsInstance({}, MM) def test_multiple_bases(self): class MM1(MutableMapping[str, str], collections.abc.MutableMapping): pass class MM2(collections.abc.MutableMapping, MutableMapping[str, str]): pass self.assertEqual(MM2.__bases__, (collections.abc.MutableMapping, Generic)) def test_orig_bases(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(typing.Dict[str, T]): ... self.assertEqual(C.__orig_bases__, (typing.Dict[str, T],)) def test_naive_runtime_checks(self): def naive_dict_check(obj, tp): # Check if a dictionary conforms to Dict type if len(tp.__parameters__) > 0: raise NotImplementedError if tp.__args__: KT, VT = tp.__args__ return all( isinstance(k, KT) and isinstance(v, VT) for k, v in obj.items() ) self.assertTrue(naive_dict_check({'x': 1}, typing.Dict[str, int])) self.assertFalse(naive_dict_check({1: 'x'}, typing.Dict[str, int])) with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError): naive_dict_check({1: 'x'}, typing.Dict[str, T]) def naive_generic_check(obj, tp): # Check if an instance conforms to the generic class if not hasattr(obj, '__orig_class__'): raise NotImplementedError return obj.__orig_class__ == tp class Node(Generic[T]): ... self.assertTrue(naive_generic_check(Node[int](), Node[int])) self.assertFalse(naive_generic_check(Node[str](), Node[int])) self.assertFalse(naive_generic_check(Node[str](), List)) with self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError): naive_generic_check([1, 2, 3], Node[int]) def naive_list_base_check(obj, tp): # Check if list conforms to a List subclass return all(isinstance(x, tp.__orig_bases__[0].__args__[0]) for x in obj) class C(List[int]): ... self.assertTrue(naive_list_base_check([1, 2, 3], C)) self.assertFalse(naive_list_base_check(['a', 'b'], C)) def test_multi_subscr_base(self): T = TypeVar('T') U = TypeVar('U') V = TypeVar('V') class C(List[T][U][V]): ... class D(C, List[T][U][V]): ... self.assertEqual(C.__parameters__, (V,)) self.assertEqual(D.__parameters__, (V,)) self.assertEqual(C[int].__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(D[int].__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(C[int].__args__, (int,)) self.assertEqual(D[int].__args__, (int,)) self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (list, Generic)) self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (C, list, Generic)) self.assertEqual(C.__orig_bases__, (List[T][U][V],)) self.assertEqual(D.__orig_bases__, (C, List[T][U][V])) def test_subscript_meta(self): T = TypeVar('T') class Meta(type): ... self.assertEqual(Type[Meta], Type[Meta]) self.assertEqual(Union[T, int][Meta], Union[Meta, int]) self.assertEqual(Callable[..., Meta].__args__, (Ellipsis, Meta)) def test_generic_hashes(self): class A(Generic[T]): ... class B(Generic[T]): class A(Generic[T]): ... self.assertEqual(A, A) self.assertEqual(mod_generics_cache.A[str], mod_generics_cache.A[str]) self.assertEqual(B.A, B.A) self.assertEqual(mod_generics_cache.B.A[B.A[str]], mod_generics_cache.B.A[B.A[str]]) self.assertNotEqual(A, B.A) self.assertNotEqual(A, mod_generics_cache.A) self.assertNotEqual(A, mod_generics_cache.B.A) self.assertNotEqual(B.A, mod_generics_cache.A) self.assertNotEqual(B.A, mod_generics_cache.B.A) self.assertNotEqual(A[str], B.A[str]) self.assertNotEqual(A[List[Any]], B.A[List[Any]]) self.assertNotEqual(A[str], mod_generics_cache.A[str]) self.assertNotEqual(A[str], mod_generics_cache.B.A[str]) self.assertNotEqual(B.A[int], mod_generics_cache.A[int]) self.assertNotEqual(B.A[List[Any]], mod_generics_cache.B.A[List[Any]]) self.assertNotEqual(Tuple[A[str]], Tuple[B.A[str]]) self.assertNotEqual(Tuple[A[List[Any]]], Tuple[B.A[List[Any]]]) self.assertNotEqual(Union[str, A[str]], Union[str, mod_generics_cache.A[str]]) self.assertNotEqual(Union[A[str], A[str]], Union[A[str], mod_generics_cache.A[str]]) self.assertNotEqual(typing.FrozenSet[A[str]], typing.FrozenSet[mod_generics_cache.B.A[str]]) if sys.version_info[:2] > (3, 2): self.assertTrue(repr(Tuple[A[str]]).endswith('.A[str]]')) self.assertTrue(repr(Tuple[B.A[str]]).endswith('.B.A[str]]')) self.assertTrue(repr(Tuple[mod_generics_cache.A[str]]) .endswith('mod_generics_cache.A[str]]')) self.assertTrue(repr(Tuple[mod_generics_cache.B.A[str]]) .endswith('mod_generics_cache.B.A[str]]')) def test_extended_generic_rules_eq(self): T = TypeVar('T') U = TypeVar('U') self.assertEqual(Tuple[T, T][int], Tuple[int, int]) self.assertEqual(typing.Iterable[Tuple[T, T]][T], typing.Iterable[Tuple[T, T]]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple[T, int][()] self.assertEqual(Union[T, int][int], int) self.assertEqual(Union[T, U][int, Union[int, str]], Union[int, str]) class Base: ... class Derived(Base): ... self.assertEqual(Union[T, Base][Union[Base, Derived]], Union[Base, Derived]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Union[T, int][1] self.assertEqual(Callable[[T], T][KT], Callable[[KT], KT]) self.assertEqual(Callable[..., List[T]][int], Callable[..., List[int]]) def test_extended_generic_rules_repr(self): T = TypeVar('T') self.assertEqual(repr(Union[Tuple, Callable]).replace('typing.', ''), 'Union[Tuple, Callable]') self.assertEqual(repr(Union[Tuple, Tuple[int]]).replace('typing.', ''), 'Union[Tuple, Tuple[int]]') self.assertEqual(repr(Callable[..., Optional[T]][int]).replace('typing.', ''), 'Callable[..., Optional[int]]') self.assertEqual(repr(Callable[[], List[T]][int]).replace('typing.', ''), 'Callable[[], List[int]]') def test_generic_forward_ref(self): def foobar(x: List[List['CC']]): ... def foobar2(x: list[list[ForwardRef('CC')]]): ... def foobar3(x: list[ForwardRef('CC | int')] | int): ... class CC: ... self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar, globals(), locals()), {'x': List[List[CC]]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar2, globals(), locals()), {'x': list[list[CC]]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar3, globals(), locals()), {'x': list[CC | int] | int} ) T = TypeVar('T') AT = Tuple[T, ...] def barfoo(x: AT): ... self.assertIs(get_type_hints(barfoo, globals(), locals())['x'], AT) CT = Callable[..., List[T]] def barfoo2(x: CT): ... self.assertIs(get_type_hints(barfoo2, globals(), locals())['x'], CT) def test_extended_generic_rules_subclassing(self): class T1(Tuple[T, KT]): ... class T2(Tuple[T, ...]): ... class C1(typing.Container[T]): def __contains__(self, item): return False self.assertEqual(T1.__parameters__, (T, KT)) self.assertEqual(T1[int, str].__args__, (int, str)) self.assertEqual(T1[int, T].__origin__, T1) self.assertEqual(T2.__parameters__, (T,)) # These don't work because of tuple.__class_item__ ## with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ## T1[int] ## with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ## T2[int, str] self.assertEqual(repr(C1[int]).split('.')[-1], 'C1[int]') self.assertEqual(C1.__parameters__, (T,)) self.assertIsInstance(C1(), collections.abc.Container) self.assertIsSubclass(C1, collections.abc.Container) self.assertIsInstance(T1(), tuple) self.assertIsSubclass(T2, tuple) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Tuple[int, ...], typing.Sequence) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Tuple[int, ...], typing.Iterable) def test_fail_with_bare_union(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): List[Union] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple[Optional] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ClassVar[ClassVar] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): List[ClassVar[int]] def test_fail_with_bare_generic(self): T = TypeVar('T') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): List[Generic] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple[Generic[T]] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): List[typing.Protocol] def test_type_erasure_special(self): T = TypeVar('T') # this is the only test that checks type caching self.clear_caches() class MyTup(Tuple[T, T]): ... self.assertIs(MyTup[int]().__class__, MyTup) self.assertEqual(MyTup[int]().__orig_class__, MyTup[int]) class MyDict(typing.Dict[T, T]): ... self.assertIs(MyDict[int]().__class__, MyDict) self.assertEqual(MyDict[int]().__orig_class__, MyDict[int]) class MyDef(typing.DefaultDict[str, T]): ... self.assertIs(MyDef[int]().__class__, MyDef) self.assertEqual(MyDef[int]().__orig_class__, MyDef[int]) # ChainMap was added in 3.3 if sys.version_info >= (3, 3): class MyChain(typing.ChainMap[str, T]): ... self.assertIs(MyChain[int]().__class__, MyChain) self.assertEqual(MyChain[int]().__orig_class__, MyChain[int]) def test_all_repr_eq_any(self): objs = (getattr(typing, el) for el in typing.__all__) for obj in objs: self.assertNotEqual(repr(obj), '') self.assertEqual(obj, obj) if getattr(obj, '__parameters__', None) and len(obj.__parameters__) == 1: self.assertEqual(obj[Any].__args__, (Any,)) if isinstance(obj, type): for base in obj.__mro__: self.assertNotEqual(repr(base), '') self.assertEqual(base, base) def test_pickle(self): global C # pickle wants to reference the class by name T = TypeVar('T') class B(Generic[T]): pass class C(B[int]): pass c = C() c.foo = 42 c.bar = 'abc' for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(c, proto) x = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(x.foo, 42) self.assertEqual(x.bar, 'abc') self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {'foo': 42, 'bar': 'abc'}) samples = [Any, Union, Tuple, Callable, ClassVar, Union[int, str], ClassVar[List], Tuple[int, ...], Tuple[()], Callable[[str], bytes], typing.DefaultDict, typing.FrozenSet[int]] for s in samples: for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(s, proto) x = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(s, x) more_samples = [List, typing.Iterable, typing.Type, List[int], typing.Type[typing.Mapping], typing.AbstractSet[Tuple[int, str]]] for s in more_samples: for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(s, proto) x = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(s, x) def test_copy_and_deepcopy(self): T = TypeVar('T') class Node(Generic[T]): ... things = [Union[T, int], Tuple[T, int], Tuple[()], Callable[..., T], Callable[[int], int], Tuple[Any, Any], Node[T], Node[int], Node[Any], typing.Iterable[T], typing.Iterable[Any], typing.Iterable[int], typing.Dict[int, str], typing.Dict[T, Any], ClassVar[int], ClassVar[List[T]], Tuple['T', 'T'], Union['T', int], List['T'], typing.Mapping['T', int]] for t in things + [Any]: self.assertEqual(t, copy(t)) self.assertEqual(t, deepcopy(t)) def test_immutability_by_copy_and_pickle(self): # Special forms like Union, Any, etc., generic aliases to containers like List, # Mapping, etc., and type variabcles are considered immutable by copy and pickle. global TP, TPB, TPV # for pickle TP = TypeVar('TP') TPB = TypeVar('TPB', bound=int) TPV = TypeVar('TPV', bytes, str) for X in [TP, TPB, TPV, List, typing.Mapping, ClassVar, typing.Iterable, Union, Any, Tuple, Callable]: self.assertIs(copy(X), X) self.assertIs(deepcopy(X), X) self.assertIs(pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(X)), X) # Check that local type variables are copyable. TL = TypeVar('TL') TLB = TypeVar('TLB', bound=int) TLV = TypeVar('TLV', bytes, str) for X in [TL, TLB, TLV]: self.assertIs(copy(X), X) self.assertIs(deepcopy(X), X) def test_copy_generic_instances(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(Generic[T]): def __init__(self, attr: T) -> None: self.attr = attr c = C(42) self.assertEqual(copy(c).attr, 42) self.assertEqual(deepcopy(c).attr, 42) self.assertIsNot(copy(c), c) self.assertIsNot(deepcopy(c), c) c.attr = 1 self.assertEqual(copy(c).attr, 1) self.assertEqual(deepcopy(c).attr, 1) ci = C[int](42) self.assertEqual(copy(ci).attr, 42) self.assertEqual(deepcopy(ci).attr, 42) self.assertIsNot(copy(ci), ci) self.assertIsNot(deepcopy(ci), ci) ci.attr = 1 self.assertEqual(copy(ci).attr, 1) self.assertEqual(deepcopy(ci).attr, 1) self.assertEqual(ci.__orig_class__, C[int]) def test_weakref_all(self): T = TypeVar('T') things = [Any, Union[T, int], Callable[..., T], Tuple[Any, Any], Optional[List[int]], typing.Mapping[int, str], typing.re.Match[bytes], typing.Iterable['whatever']] for t in things: self.assertEqual(weakref.ref(t)(), t) def test_parameterized_slots(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(Generic[T]): __slots__ = ('potato',) c = C() c_int = C[int]() c.potato = 0 c_int.potato = 0 with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): c.tomato = 0 with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): c_int.tomato = 0 def foo(x: C['C']): ... self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals())['x'], C[C]) self.assertEqual(copy(C[int]), deepcopy(C[int])) def test_parameterized_slots_dict(self): T = TypeVar('T') class D(Generic[T]): __slots__ = {'banana': 42} d = D() d_int = D[int]() d.banana = 'yes' d_int.banana = 'yes' with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): d.foobar = 'no' with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): d_int.foobar = 'no' def test_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): B = SimpleMapping[XK, Any] class C(Generic[B]): pass def test_repr_2(self): class C(Generic[T]): pass self.assertEqual(C.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(C.__qualname__, 'GenericTests.test_repr_2..C') X = C[int] self.assertEqual(X.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(repr(X).split('.')[-1], 'C[int]') class Y(C[int]): pass self.assertEqual(Y.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(Y.__qualname__, 'GenericTests.test_repr_2..Y') def test_eq_1(self): self.assertEqual(Generic, Generic) self.assertEqual(Generic[T], Generic[T]) self.assertNotEqual(Generic[KT], Generic[VT]) def test_eq_2(self): class A(Generic[T]): pass class B(Generic[T]): pass self.assertEqual(A, A) self.assertNotEqual(A, B) self.assertEqual(A[T], A[T]) self.assertNotEqual(A[T], B[T]) def test_multiple_inheritance(self): class A(Generic[T, VT]): pass class B(Generic[KT, T]): pass class C(A[T, VT], Generic[VT, T, KT], B[KT, T]): pass self.assertEqual(C.__parameters__, (VT, T, KT)) def test_multiple_inheritance_special(self): S = TypeVar('S') class B(Generic[S]): ... class C(List[int], B): ... self.assertEqual(C.__mro__, (C, list, B, Generic, object)) def test_init_subclass_super_called(self): class FinalException(Exception): pass class Final: def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs) -> None: for base in cls.__bases__: if base is not Final and issubclass(base, Final): raise FinalException(base) super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs) class Test(Generic[T], Final): pass with self.assertRaises(FinalException): class Subclass(Test): pass with self.assertRaises(FinalException): class Subclass(Test[int]): pass def test_nested(self): G = Generic class Visitor(G[T]): a = None def set(self, a: T): self.a = a def get(self): return self.a def visit(self) -> T: return self.a V = Visitor[typing.List[int]] class IntListVisitor(V): def append(self, x: int): self.a.append(x) a = IntListVisitor() a.set([]) a.append(1) a.append(42) self.assertEqual(a.get(), [1, 42]) def test_type_erasure(self): T = TypeVar('T') class Node(Generic[T]): def __init__(self, label: T, left: 'Node[T]' = None, right: 'Node[T]' = None): self.label = label # type: T self.left = left # type: Optional[Node[T]] self.right = right # type: Optional[Node[T]] def foo(x: T): a = Node(x) b = Node[T](x) c = Node[Any](x) self.assertIs(type(a), Node) self.assertIs(type(b), Node) self.assertIs(type(c), Node) self.assertEqual(a.label, x) self.assertEqual(b.label, x) self.assertEqual(c.label, x) foo(42) def test_implicit_any(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(Generic[T]): pass class D(C): pass self.assertEqual(D.__parameters__, ()) with self.assertRaises(Exception): D[int] with self.assertRaises(Exception): D[Any] with self.assertRaises(Exception): D[T] def test_new_with_args(self): class A(Generic[T]): pass class B: def __new__(cls, arg): # call object obj = super().__new__(cls) obj.arg = arg return obj # mro: C, A, Generic, B, object class C(A, B): pass c = C('foo') self.assertEqual(c.arg, 'foo') def test_new_with_args2(self): class A: def __init__(self, arg): self.from_a = arg # call object super().__init__() # mro: C, Generic, A, object class C(Generic[T], A): def __init__(self, arg): self.from_c = arg # call Generic super().__init__(arg) c = C('foo') self.assertEqual(c.from_a, 'foo') self.assertEqual(c.from_c, 'foo') def test_new_no_args(self): class A(Generic[T]): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): A('foo') class B: def __new__(cls): # call object obj = super().__new__(cls) obj.from_b = 'b' return obj # mro: C, A, Generic, B, object class C(A, B): def __init__(self, arg): self.arg = arg def __new__(cls, arg): # call A obj = super().__new__(cls) obj.from_c = 'c' return obj c = C('foo') self.assertEqual(c.arg, 'foo') self.assertEqual(c.from_b, 'b') self.assertEqual(c.from_c, 'c') def test_subclass_special_form(self): for obj in ( ClassVar[int], Final[int], Union[int, float], Optional[int], Literal[1, 2], Concatenate[int, ParamSpec("P")], TypeGuard[int], ): with self.subTest(msg=obj): with self.assertRaisesRegex( TypeError, f'^{re.escape(f"Cannot subclass {obj!r}")}$' ): class Foo(obj): pass class ClassVarTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ClassVar[1] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ClassVar[int, str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ClassVar[int][str] def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(ClassVar), 'typing.ClassVar') cv = ClassVar[int] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.ClassVar[int]') cv = ClassVar[Employee] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.ClassVar[%s.Employee]' % __name__) def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(ClassVar)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(ClassVar[int])): pass def test_cannot_init(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ClassVar() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(ClassVar)() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(ClassVar[Optional[int]])() def test_no_isinstance(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(1, ClassVar[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, ClassVar) class FinalTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): Final[int] # OK with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Final[1] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Final[int, str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Final[int][str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Optional[Final[int]] def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Final), 'typing.Final') cv = Final[int] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.Final[int]') cv = Final[Employee] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.Final[%s.Employee]' % __name__) cv = Final[tuple[int]] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.Final[tuple[int]]') def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(Final)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(Final[int])): pass def test_cannot_init(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Final() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Final)() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(Final[Optional[int]])() def test_no_isinstance(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(1, Final[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, Final) def test_final_unmodified(self): def func(x): ... self.assertIs(func, final(func)) class CastTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): self.assertEqual(cast(int, 42), 42) self.assertEqual(cast(float, 42), 42) self.assertIs(type(cast(float, 42)), int) self.assertEqual(cast(Any, 42), 42) self.assertEqual(cast(list, 42), 42) self.assertEqual(cast(Union[str, float], 42), 42) self.assertEqual(cast(AnyStr, 42), 42) self.assertEqual(cast(None, 42), 42) def test_errors(self): # Bogus calls are not expected to fail. cast(42, 42) cast('hello', 42) class ForwardRefTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): class Node(Generic[T]): def __init__(self, label: T): self.label = label self.left = self.right = None def add_both(self, left: 'Optional[Node[T]]', right: 'Node[T]' = None, stuff: int = None, blah=None): self.left = left self.right = right def add_left(self, node: Optional['Node[T]']): self.add_both(node, None) def add_right(self, node: 'Node[T]' = None): self.add_both(None, node) t = Node[int] both_hints = get_type_hints(t.add_both, globals(), locals()) self.assertEqual(both_hints['left'], Optional[Node[T]]) self.assertEqual(both_hints['right'], Optional[Node[T]]) self.assertEqual(both_hints['left'], both_hints['right']) self.assertEqual(both_hints['stuff'], Optional[int]) self.assertNotIn('blah', both_hints) left_hints = get_type_hints(t.add_left, globals(), locals()) self.assertEqual(left_hints['node'], Optional[Node[T]]) right_hints = get_type_hints(t.add_right, globals(), locals()) self.assertEqual(right_hints['node'], Optional[Node[T]]) def test_forwardref_instance_type_error(self): fr = typing.ForwardRef('int') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, fr) def test_forwardref_subclass_type_error(self): fr = typing.ForwardRef('int') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, fr) def test_forwardref_only_str_arg(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.ForwardRef(1) # only `str` type is allowed def test_forward_equality(self): fr = typing.ForwardRef('int') self.assertEqual(fr, typing.ForwardRef('int')) self.assertNotEqual(List['int'], List[int]) self.assertNotEqual(fr, typing.ForwardRef('int', module=__name__)) frm = typing.ForwardRef('int', module=__name__) self.assertEqual(frm, typing.ForwardRef('int', module=__name__)) self.assertNotEqual(frm, typing.ForwardRef('int', module='__other_name__')) def test_forward_equality_gth(self): c1 = typing.ForwardRef('C') c1_gth = typing.ForwardRef('C') c2 = typing.ForwardRef('C') c2_gth = typing.ForwardRef('C') class C: pass def foo(a: c1_gth, b: c2_gth): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': C, 'b': C}) self.assertEqual(c1, c2) self.assertEqual(c1, c1_gth) self.assertEqual(c1_gth, c2_gth) self.assertEqual(List[c1], List[c1_gth]) self.assertNotEqual(List[c1], List[C]) self.assertNotEqual(List[c1_gth], List[C]) self.assertEqual(Union[c1, c1_gth], Union[c1]) self.assertEqual(Union[c1, c1_gth, int], Union[c1, int]) def test_forward_equality_hash(self): c1 = typing.ForwardRef('int') c1_gth = typing.ForwardRef('int') c2 = typing.ForwardRef('int') c2_gth = typing.ForwardRef('int') def foo(a: c1_gth, b: c2_gth): pass get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()) self.assertEqual(hash(c1), hash(c2)) self.assertEqual(hash(c1_gth), hash(c2_gth)) self.assertEqual(hash(c1), hash(c1_gth)) c3 = typing.ForwardRef('int', module=__name__) c4 = typing.ForwardRef('int', module='__other_name__') self.assertNotEqual(hash(c3), hash(c1)) self.assertNotEqual(hash(c3), hash(c1_gth)) self.assertNotEqual(hash(c3), hash(c4)) self.assertEqual(hash(c3), hash(typing.ForwardRef('int', module=__name__))) def test_forward_equality_namespace(self): class A: pass def namespace1(): a = typing.ForwardRef('A') def fun(x: a): pass get_type_hints(fun, globals(), locals()) return a def namespace2(): a = typing.ForwardRef('A') class A: pass def fun(x: a): pass get_type_hints(fun, globals(), locals()) return a self.assertEqual(namespace1(), namespace1()) self.assertNotEqual(namespace1(), namespace2()) def test_forward_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(List['int']), "typing.List[ForwardRef('int')]") def test_union_forward(self): def foo(a: Union['T']): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': Union[T]}) def foo(a: tuple[ForwardRef('T')] | int): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': tuple[T] | int}) def test_tuple_forward(self): def foo(a: Tuple['T']): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': Tuple[T]}) def foo(a: tuple[ForwardRef('T')]): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': tuple[T]}) def test_double_forward(self): def foo(a: 'List[\'int\']'): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': List[int]}) def test_forward_recursion_actually(self): def namespace1(): a = typing.ForwardRef('A') A = a def fun(x: a): pass ret = get_type_hints(fun, globals(), locals()) return a def namespace2(): a = typing.ForwardRef('A') A = a def fun(x: a): pass ret = get_type_hints(fun, globals(), locals()) return a def cmp(o1, o2): return o1 == o2 r1 = namespace1() r2 = namespace2() self.assertIsNot(r1, r2) self.assertRaises(RecursionError, cmp, r1, r2) def test_union_forward_recursion(self): ValueList = List['Value'] Value = Union[str, ValueList] class C: foo: List[Value] class D: foo: Union[Value, ValueList] class E: foo: Union[List[Value], ValueList] class F: foo: Union[Value, List[Value], ValueList] self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals(), locals()), get_type_hints(C, globals(), locals())) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals(), locals()), {'foo': List[Union[str, List[Union[str, List['Value']]]]]}) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(D, globals(), locals()), {'foo': Union[str, List[Union[str, List['Value']]]]}) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(E, globals(), locals()), {'foo': Union[ List[Union[str, List[Union[str, List['Value']]]]], List[Union[str, List['Value']]] ] }) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(F, globals(), locals()), {'foo': Union[ str, List[Union[str, List['Value']]], List[Union[str, List[Union[str, List['Value']]]]] ] }) def test_callable_forward(self): def foo(a: Callable[['T'], 'T']): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': Callable[[T], T]}) def test_callable_with_ellipsis_forward(self): def foo(a: 'Callable[..., T]'): pass self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(foo, globals(), locals()), {'a': Callable[..., T]}) def test_special_forms_forward(self): class C: a: Annotated['ClassVar[int]', (3, 5)] = 4 b: Annotated['Final[int]', "const"] = 4 class CF: b: List['Final[int]'] = 4 self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals())['a'], ClassVar[int]) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals())['b'], Final[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): get_type_hints(CF, globals()), def test_syntax_error(self): with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): Generic['/T'] def test_delayed_syntax_error(self): def foo(a: 'Node[T'): pass with self.assertRaises(SyntaxError): get_type_hints(foo) def test_type_error(self): def foo(a: Tuple['42']): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): get_type_hints(foo) def test_name_error(self): def foo(a: 'Noode[T]'): pass with self.assertRaises(NameError): get_type_hints(foo, locals()) def test_no_type_check(self): @no_type_check def foo(a: 'whatevers') -> {}: pass th = get_type_hints(foo) self.assertEqual(th, {}) def test_no_type_check_class(self): @no_type_check class C: def foo(a: 'whatevers') -> {}: pass cth = get_type_hints(C.foo) self.assertEqual(cth, {}) ith = get_type_hints(C().foo) self.assertEqual(ith, {}) def test_no_type_check_no_bases(self): class C: def meth(self, x: int): ... @no_type_check class D(C): c = C # verify that @no_type_check never affects bases self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C.meth), {'x': int}) def test_no_type_check_forward_ref_as_string(self): class C: foo: typing.ClassVar[int] = 7 class D: foo: ClassVar[int] = 7 class E: foo: 'typing.ClassVar[int]' = 7 class F: foo: 'ClassVar[int]' = 7 expected_result = {'foo': typing.ClassVar[int]} for clazz in [C, D, E, F]: self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(clazz), expected_result) def test_nested_classvar_fails_forward_ref_check(self): class E: foo: 'typing.ClassVar[typing.ClassVar[int]]' = 7 class F: foo: ClassVar['ClassVar[int]'] = 7 for clazz in [E, F]: with self.assertRaises(TypeError): get_type_hints(clazz) def test_meta_no_type_check(self): @no_type_check_decorator def magic_decorator(func): return func self.assertEqual(magic_decorator.__name__, 'magic_decorator') @magic_decorator def foo(a: 'whatevers') -> {}: pass @magic_decorator class C: def foo(a: 'whatevers') -> {}: pass self.assertEqual(foo.__name__, 'foo') th = get_type_hints(foo) self.assertEqual(th, {}) cth = get_type_hints(C.foo) self.assertEqual(cth, {}) ith = get_type_hints(C().foo) self.assertEqual(ith, {}) def test_default_globals(self): code = ("class C:\n" " def foo(self, a: 'C') -> 'D': pass\n" "class D:\n" " def bar(self, b: 'D') -> C: pass\n" ) ns = {} exec(code, ns) hints = get_type_hints(ns['C'].foo) self.assertEqual(hints, {'a': ns['C'], 'return': ns['D']}) def test_final_forward_ref(self): self.assertEqual(gth(Loop, globals())['attr'], Final[Loop]) self.assertNotEqual(gth(Loop, globals())['attr'], Final[int]) self.assertNotEqual(gth(Loop, globals())['attr'], Final) class OverloadTests(BaseTestCase): def test_overload_fails(self): from typing import overload with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError): @overload def blah(): pass blah() def test_overload_succeeds(self): from typing import overload @overload def blah(): pass def blah(): pass blah() ASYNCIO_TESTS = """ import asyncio T_a = TypeVar('T_a') class AwaitableWrapper(typing.Awaitable[T_a]): def __init__(self, value): self.value = value def __await__(self) -> typing.Iterator[T_a]: yield return self.value class AsyncIteratorWrapper(typing.AsyncIterator[T_a]): def __init__(self, value: typing.Iterable[T_a]): self.value = value def __aiter__(self) -> typing.AsyncIterator[T_a]: return self async def __anext__(self) -> T_a: data = await self.value if data: return data else: raise StopAsyncIteration class ACM: async def __aenter__(self) -> int: return 42 async def __aexit__(self, etype, eval, tb): return None """ try: exec(ASYNCIO_TESTS) except ImportError: ASYNCIO = False # multithreading is not enabled else: ASYNCIO = True # Definitions needed for features introduced in Python 3.6 from test import ann_module, ann_module2, ann_module3, ann_module5, ann_module6 from typing import AsyncContextManager class A: y: float class B(A): x: ClassVar[Optional['B']] = None y: int b: int class CSub(B): z: ClassVar['CSub'] = B() class G(Generic[T]): lst: ClassVar[List[T]] = [] class Loop: attr: Final['Loop'] class NoneAndForward: parent: 'NoneAndForward' meaning: None class CoolEmployee(NamedTuple): name: str cool: int class CoolEmployeeWithDefault(NamedTuple): name: str cool: int = 0 class XMeth(NamedTuple): x: int def double(self): return 2 * self.x class XRepr(NamedTuple): x: int y: int = 1 def __str__(self): return f'{self.x} -> {self.y}' def __add__(self, other): return 0 Label = TypedDict('Label', [('label', str)]) class Point2D(TypedDict): x: int y: int class Bar(_typed_dict_helper.Foo, total=False): b: int class LabelPoint2D(Point2D, Label): ... class Options(TypedDict, total=False): log_level: int log_path: str class HasForeignBaseClass(mod_generics_cache.A): some_xrepr: 'XRepr' other_a: 'mod_generics_cache.A' async def g_with(am: AsyncContextManager[int]): x: int async with am as x: return x try: g_with(ACM()).send(None) except StopIteration as e: assert e.args[0] == 42 gth = get_type_hints class ForRefExample: @ann_module.dec def func(self: 'ForRefExample'): pass @ann_module.dec @ann_module.dec def nested(self: 'ForRefExample'): pass class GetTypeHintTests(BaseTestCase): def test_get_type_hints_from_various_objects(self): # For invalid objects should fail with TypeError (not AttributeError etc). with self.assertRaises(TypeError): gth(123) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): gth('abc') with self.assertRaises(TypeError): gth(None) def test_get_type_hints_modules(self): ann_module_type_hints = {1: 2, 'f': Tuple[int, int], 'x': int, 'y': str, 'u': int | float} self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module), ann_module_type_hints) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module2), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module3), {}) @skip("known bug") def test_get_type_hints_modules_forwardref(self): # FIXME: This currently exposes a bug in typing. Cached forward references # don't account for the case where there are multiple types of the same # name coming from different modules in the same program. mgc_hints = {'default_a': Optional[mod_generics_cache.A], 'default_b': Optional[mod_generics_cache.B]} self.assertEqual(gth(mod_generics_cache), mgc_hints) def test_get_type_hints_classes(self): self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.C), # gth will find the right globalns {'y': Optional[ann_module.C]}) self.assertIsInstance(gth(ann_module.j_class), dict) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.M), {'123': 123, 'o': type}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.D), {'j': str, 'k': str, 'y': Optional[ann_module.C]}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.Y), {'z': int}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.h_class), {'y': Optional[ann_module.C]}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.S), {'x': str, 'y': str}) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module.foo), {'x': int}) self.assertEqual(gth(NoneAndForward), {'parent': NoneAndForward, 'meaning': type(None)}) self.assertEqual(gth(HasForeignBaseClass), {'some_xrepr': XRepr, 'other_a': mod_generics_cache.A, 'some_b': mod_generics_cache.B}) self.assertEqual(gth(XRepr.__new__), {'x': int, 'y': int}) self.assertEqual(gth(mod_generics_cache.B), {'my_inner_a1': mod_generics_cache.B.A, 'my_inner_a2': mod_generics_cache.B.A, 'my_outer_a': mod_generics_cache.A}) def test_get_type_hints_classes_no_implicit_optional(self): class WithNoneDefault: field: int = None # most type-checkers won't be happy with it self.assertEqual(gth(WithNoneDefault), {'field': int}) def test_respect_no_type_check(self): @no_type_check class NoTpCheck: class Inn: def __init__(self, x: 'not a type'): ... self.assertTrue(NoTpCheck.__no_type_check__) self.assertTrue(NoTpCheck.Inn.__init__.__no_type_check__) self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module2.NTC.meth), {}) class ABase(Generic[T]): def meth(x: int): ... @no_type_check class Der(ABase): ... self.assertEqual(gth(ABase.meth), {'x': int}) def test_get_type_hints_for_builtins(self): # Should not fail for built-in classes and functions. self.assertEqual(gth(int), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(type), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(dir), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(len), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(object.__str__), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(object().__str__), {}) self.assertEqual(gth(str.join), {}) def test_previous_behavior(self): def testf(x, y): ... testf.__annotations__['x'] = 'int' self.assertEqual(gth(testf), {'x': int}) def testg(x: None): ... self.assertEqual(gth(testg), {'x': type(None)}) def test_get_type_hints_for_object_with_annotations(self): class A: ... class B: ... b = B() b.__annotations__ = {'x': 'A'} self.assertEqual(gth(b, locals()), {'x': A}) def test_get_type_hints_ClassVar(self): self.assertEqual(gth(ann_module2.CV, ann_module2.__dict__), {'var': typing.ClassVar[ann_module2.CV]}) self.assertEqual(gth(B, globals()), {'y': int, 'x': ClassVar[Optional[B]], 'b': int}) self.assertEqual(gth(CSub, globals()), {'z': ClassVar[CSub], 'y': int, 'b': int, 'x': ClassVar[Optional[B]]}) self.assertEqual(gth(G), {'lst': ClassVar[List[T]]}) def test_get_type_hints_wrapped_decoratored_func(self): expects = {'self': ForRefExample} self.assertEqual(gth(ForRefExample.func), expects) self.assertEqual(gth(ForRefExample.nested), expects) def test_get_type_hints_annotated(self): def foobar(x: List['X']): ... X = Annotated[int, (1, 10)] self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar, globals(), locals()), {'x': List[int]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True), {'x': List[Annotated[int, (1, 10)]]} ) def foobar(x: list[ForwardRef('X')]): ... X = Annotated[int, (1, 10)] self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar, globals(), locals()), {'x': list[int]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(foobar, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True), {'x': list[Annotated[int, (1, 10)]]} ) BA = Tuple[Annotated[T, (1, 0)], ...] def barfoo(x: BA): ... self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(barfoo, globals(), locals())['x'], Tuple[T, ...]) self.assertIs( get_type_hints(barfoo, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True)['x'], BA ) BA = tuple[Annotated[T, (1, 0)], ...] def barfoo(x: BA): ... self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(barfoo, globals(), locals())['x'], tuple[T, ...]) self.assertIs( get_type_hints(barfoo, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True)['x'], BA ) def barfoo2(x: typing.Callable[..., Annotated[List[T], "const"]], y: typing.Union[int, Annotated[T, "mutable"]]): ... self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(barfoo2, globals(), locals()), {'x': typing.Callable[..., List[T]], 'y': typing.Union[int, T]} ) BA2 = typing.Callable[..., List[T]] def barfoo3(x: BA2): ... self.assertIs( get_type_hints(barfoo3, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True)["x"], BA2 ) BA3 = typing.Annotated[int | float, "const"] def barfoo4(x: BA3): ... self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(barfoo4, globals(), locals()), {"x": int | float} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(barfoo4, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True), {"x": typing.Annotated[int | float, "const"]} ) def test_get_type_hints_annotated_in_union(self): # bpo-46603 def with_union(x: int | list[Annotated[str, 'meta']]): ... self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(with_union), {'x': int | list[str]}) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(with_union, include_extras=True), {'x': int | list[Annotated[str, 'meta']]}, ) def test_get_type_hints_annotated_refs(self): Const = Annotated[T, "Const"] class MySet(Generic[T]): def __ior__(self, other: "Const[MySet[T]]") -> "MySet[T]": ... def __iand__(self, other: Const["MySet[T]"]) -> "MySet[T]": ... self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(MySet.__iand__, globals(), locals()), {'other': MySet[T], 'return': MySet[T]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(MySet.__iand__, globals(), locals(), include_extras=True), {'other': Const[MySet[T]], 'return': MySet[T]} ) self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(MySet.__ior__, globals(), locals()), {'other': MySet[T], 'return': MySet[T]} ) def test_get_type_hints_classes_str_annotations(self): class Foo: y = str x: 'y' # This previously raised an error under PEP 563. self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(Foo), {'x': str}) def test_get_type_hints_bad_module(self): # bpo-41515 class BadModule: pass BadModule.__module__ = 'bad' # Something not in sys.modules self.assertNotIn('bad', sys.modules) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(BadModule), {}) def test_get_type_hints_annotated_bad_module(self): # See https://bugs.python.org/issue44468 class BadBase: foo: tuple class BadType(BadBase): bar: list BadType.__module__ = BadBase.__module__ = 'bad' self.assertNotIn('bad', sys.modules) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(BadType), {'foo': tuple, 'bar': list}) class GetUtilitiesTestCase(TestCase): def test_get_origin(self): T = TypeVar('T') P = ParamSpec('P') class C(Generic[T]): pass self.assertIs(get_origin(C[int]), C) self.assertIs(get_origin(C[T]), C) self.assertIs(get_origin(int), None) self.assertIs(get_origin(ClassVar[int]), ClassVar) self.assertIs(get_origin(Union[int, str]), Union) self.assertIs(get_origin(Literal[42, 43]), Literal) self.assertIs(get_origin(Final[List[int]]), Final) self.assertIs(get_origin(Generic), Generic) self.assertIs(get_origin(Generic[T]), Generic) self.assertIs(get_origin(List[Tuple[T, T]][int]), list) self.assertIs(get_origin(Annotated[T, 'thing']), Annotated) self.assertIs(get_origin(List), list) self.assertIs(get_origin(Tuple), tuple) self.assertIs(get_origin(Callable), collections.abc.Callable) self.assertIs(get_origin(list[int]), list) self.assertIs(get_origin(list), None) self.assertIs(get_origin(list | str), types.UnionType) self.assertIs(get_origin(P.args), P) self.assertIs(get_origin(P.kwargs), P) def test_get_args(self): T = TypeVar('T') class C(Generic[T]): pass self.assertEqual(get_args(C[int]), (int,)) self.assertEqual(get_args(C[T]), (T,)) self.assertEqual(get_args(int), ()) self.assertEqual(get_args(ClassVar[int]), (int,)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Union[int, str]), (int, str)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Literal[42, 43]), (42, 43)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Final[List[int]]), (List[int],)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]), (int, Tuple[str, int])) self.assertEqual(get_args(typing.Dict[int, Tuple[T, T]][Optional[int]]), (int, Tuple[Optional[int], Optional[int]])) self.assertEqual(get_args(Callable[[], T][int]), ([], int)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Callable[..., int]), (..., int)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Union[int, Callable[[Tuple[T, ...]], str]]), (int, Callable[[Tuple[T, ...]], str])) self.assertEqual(get_args(Tuple[int, ...]), (int, ...)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Tuple[()]), ((),)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Annotated[T, 'one', 2, ['three']]), (T, 'one', 2, ['three'])) self.assertEqual(get_args(List), ()) self.assertEqual(get_args(Tuple), ()) self.assertEqual(get_args(Callable), ()) self.assertEqual(get_args(list[int]), (int,)) self.assertEqual(get_args(list), ()) self.assertEqual(get_args(collections.abc.Callable[[int], str]), ([int], str)) self.assertEqual(get_args(collections.abc.Callable[..., str]), (..., str)) self.assertEqual(get_args(collections.abc.Callable[[], str]), ([], str)) self.assertEqual(get_args(collections.abc.Callable[[int], str]), get_args(Callable[[int], str])) P = ParamSpec('P') self.assertEqual(get_args(Callable[P, int]), (P, int)) self.assertEqual(get_args(Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]), (Concatenate[int, P], int)) self.assertEqual(get_args(list | str), (list, str)) def test_forward_ref_and_final(self): # https://bugs.python.org/issue45166 hints = get_type_hints(ann_module5) self.assertEqual(hints, {'name': Final[str]}) hints = get_type_hints(ann_module5.MyClass) self.assertEqual(hints, {'value': Final}) def test_top_level_class_var(self): # https://bugs.python.org/issue45166 with self.assertRaisesRegex( TypeError, r'typing.ClassVar\[int\] is not valid as type argument', ): get_type_hints(ann_module6) class CollectionsAbcTests(BaseTestCase): def test_hashable(self): self.assertIsInstance(42, typing.Hashable) self.assertNotIsInstance([], typing.Hashable) def test_iterable(self): self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Iterable) # Due to ABC caching, the second time takes a separate code # path and could fail. So call this a few times. self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Iterable) self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Iterable) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Iterable) # Just in case, also test issubclass() a few times. self.assertIsSubclass(list, typing.Iterable) self.assertIsSubclass(list, typing.Iterable) def test_iterator(self): it = iter([]) self.assertIsInstance(it, typing.Iterator) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Iterator) @skipUnless(ASYNCIO, 'Python 3.5 and multithreading required') def test_awaitable(self): ns = {} exec( "async def foo() -> typing.Awaitable[int]:\n" " return await AwaitableWrapper(42)\n", globals(), ns) foo = ns['foo'] g = foo() self.assertIsInstance(g, typing.Awaitable) self.assertNotIsInstance(foo, typing.Awaitable) g.send(None) # Run foo() till completion, to avoid warning. @skipUnless(ASYNCIO, 'Python 3.5 and multithreading required') def test_coroutine(self): ns = {} exec( "async def foo():\n" " return\n", globals(), ns) foo = ns['foo'] g = foo() self.assertIsInstance(g, typing.Coroutine) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(g, typing.Coroutine[int]) self.assertNotIsInstance(foo, typing.Coroutine) try: g.send(None) except StopIteration: pass @skipUnless(ASYNCIO, 'Python 3.5 and multithreading required') def test_async_iterable(self): base_it = range(10) # type: Iterator[int] it = AsyncIteratorWrapper(base_it) self.assertIsInstance(it, typing.AsyncIterable) self.assertIsInstance(it, typing.AsyncIterable) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.AsyncIterable) @skipUnless(ASYNCIO, 'Python 3.5 and multithreading required') def test_async_iterator(self): base_it = range(10) # type: Iterator[int] it = AsyncIteratorWrapper(base_it) self.assertIsInstance(it, typing.AsyncIterator) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.AsyncIterator) def test_sized(self): self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Sized) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Sized) def test_container(self): self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Container) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Container) def test_collection(self): self.assertIsInstance(tuple(), typing.Collection) self.assertIsInstance(frozenset(), typing.Collection) self.assertIsSubclass(dict, typing.Collection) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Collection) def test_abstractset(self): self.assertIsInstance(set(), typing.AbstractSet) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.AbstractSet) def test_mutableset(self): self.assertIsInstance(set(), typing.MutableSet) self.assertNotIsInstance(frozenset(), typing.MutableSet) def test_mapping(self): self.assertIsInstance({}, typing.Mapping) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Mapping) def test_mutablemapping(self): self.assertIsInstance({}, typing.MutableMapping) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.MutableMapping) def test_sequence(self): self.assertIsInstance([], typing.Sequence) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.Sequence) def test_mutablesequence(self): self.assertIsInstance([], typing.MutableSequence) self.assertNotIsInstance((), typing.MutableSequence) def test_bytestring(self): self.assertIsInstance(b'', typing.ByteString) self.assertIsInstance(bytearray(b''), typing.ByteString) def test_list(self): self.assertIsSubclass(list, typing.List) def test_deque(self): self.assertIsSubclass(collections.deque, typing.Deque) class MyDeque(typing.Deque[int]): ... self.assertIsInstance(MyDeque(), collections.deque) def test_counter(self): self.assertIsSubclass(collections.Counter, typing.Counter) def test_set(self): self.assertIsSubclass(set, typing.Set) self.assertNotIsSubclass(frozenset, typing.Set) def test_frozenset(self): self.assertIsSubclass(frozenset, typing.FrozenSet) self.assertNotIsSubclass(set, typing.FrozenSet) def test_dict(self): self.assertIsSubclass(dict, typing.Dict) def test_dict_subscribe(self): K = TypeVar('K') V = TypeVar('V') self.assertEqual(Dict[K, V][str, int], Dict[str, int]) self.assertEqual(Dict[K, int][str], Dict[str, int]) self.assertEqual(Dict[str, V][int], Dict[str, int]) self.assertEqual(Dict[K, List[V]][str, int], Dict[str, List[int]]) self.assertEqual(Dict[K, List[int]][str], Dict[str, List[int]]) self.assertEqual(Dict[K, list[V]][str, int], Dict[str, list[int]]) self.assertEqual(Dict[K, list[int]][str], Dict[str, list[int]]) def test_no_list_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.List() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.List[T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.List[int]() def test_list_subclass(self): class MyList(typing.List[int]): pass a = MyList() self.assertIsInstance(a, MyList) self.assertIsInstance(a, typing.Sequence) self.assertIsSubclass(MyList, list) self.assertNotIsSubclass(list, MyList) def test_no_dict_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Dict() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Dict[KT, VT]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Dict[str, int]() def test_dict_subclass(self): class MyDict(typing.Dict[str, int]): pass d = MyDict() self.assertIsInstance(d, MyDict) self.assertIsInstance(d, typing.MutableMapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MyDict, dict) self.assertNotIsSubclass(dict, MyDict) def test_defaultdict_instantiation(self): self.assertIs(type(typing.DefaultDict()), collections.defaultdict) self.assertIs(type(typing.DefaultDict[KT, VT]()), collections.defaultdict) self.assertIs(type(typing.DefaultDict[str, int]()), collections.defaultdict) def test_defaultdict_subclass(self): class MyDefDict(typing.DefaultDict[str, int]): pass dd = MyDefDict() self.assertIsInstance(dd, MyDefDict) self.assertIsSubclass(MyDefDict, collections.defaultdict) self.assertNotIsSubclass(collections.defaultdict, MyDefDict) def test_ordereddict_instantiation(self): self.assertIs(type(typing.OrderedDict()), collections.OrderedDict) self.assertIs(type(typing.OrderedDict[KT, VT]()), collections.OrderedDict) self.assertIs(type(typing.OrderedDict[str, int]()), collections.OrderedDict) def test_ordereddict_subclass(self): class MyOrdDict(typing.OrderedDict[str, int]): pass od = MyOrdDict() self.assertIsInstance(od, MyOrdDict) self.assertIsSubclass(MyOrdDict, collections.OrderedDict) self.assertNotIsSubclass(collections.OrderedDict, MyOrdDict) @skipUnless(sys.version_info >= (3, 3), 'ChainMap was added in 3.3') def test_chainmap_instantiation(self): self.assertIs(type(typing.ChainMap()), collections.ChainMap) self.assertIs(type(typing.ChainMap[KT, VT]()), collections.ChainMap) self.assertIs(type(typing.ChainMap[str, int]()), collections.ChainMap) class CM(typing.ChainMap[KT, VT]): ... self.assertIs(type(CM[int, str]()), CM) @skipUnless(sys.version_info >= (3, 3), 'ChainMap was added in 3.3') def test_chainmap_subclass(self): class MyChainMap(typing.ChainMap[str, int]): pass cm = MyChainMap() self.assertIsInstance(cm, MyChainMap) self.assertIsSubclass(MyChainMap, collections.ChainMap) self.assertNotIsSubclass(collections.ChainMap, MyChainMap) def test_deque_instantiation(self): self.assertIs(type(typing.Deque()), collections.deque) self.assertIs(type(typing.Deque[T]()), collections.deque) self.assertIs(type(typing.Deque[int]()), collections.deque) class D(typing.Deque[T]): ... self.assertIs(type(D[int]()), D) def test_counter_instantiation(self): self.assertIs(type(typing.Counter()), collections.Counter) self.assertIs(type(typing.Counter[T]()), collections.Counter) self.assertIs(type(typing.Counter[int]()), collections.Counter) class C(typing.Counter[T]): ... self.assertIs(type(C[int]()), C) def test_counter_subclass_instantiation(self): class MyCounter(typing.Counter[int]): pass d = MyCounter() self.assertIsInstance(d, MyCounter) self.assertIsInstance(d, typing.Counter) self.assertIsInstance(d, collections.Counter) def test_no_set_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Set() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Set[T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Set[int]() def test_set_subclass_instantiation(self): class MySet(typing.Set[int]): pass d = MySet() self.assertIsInstance(d, MySet) def test_no_frozenset_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.FrozenSet() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.FrozenSet[T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.FrozenSet[int]() def test_frozenset_subclass_instantiation(self): class MyFrozenSet(typing.FrozenSet[int]): pass d = MyFrozenSet() self.assertIsInstance(d, MyFrozenSet) def test_no_tuple_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple[T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): Tuple[int]() def test_generator(self): def foo(): yield 42 g = foo() self.assertIsSubclass(type(g), typing.Generator) def test_no_generator_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Generator() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Generator[T, T, T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Generator[int, int, int]() def test_async_generator(self): ns = {} exec("async def f():\n" " yield 42\n", globals(), ns) g = ns['f']() self.assertIsSubclass(type(g), typing.AsyncGenerator) def test_no_async_generator_instantiation(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.AsyncGenerator() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.AsyncGenerator[T, T]() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.AsyncGenerator[int, int]() def test_subclassing(self): class MMA(typing.MutableMapping): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # It's abstract MMA() class MMC(MMA): def __getitem__(self, k): return None def __setitem__(self, k, v): pass def __delitem__(self, k): pass def __iter__(self): return iter(()) def __len__(self): return 0 self.assertEqual(len(MMC()), 0) assert callable(MMC.update) self.assertIsInstance(MMC(), typing.Mapping) class MMB(typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT]): def __getitem__(self, k): return None def __setitem__(self, k, v): pass def __delitem__(self, k): pass def __iter__(self): return iter(()) def __len__(self): return 0 self.assertEqual(len(MMB()), 0) self.assertEqual(len(MMB[str, str]()), 0) self.assertEqual(len(MMB[KT, VT]()), 0) self.assertNotIsSubclass(dict, MMA) self.assertNotIsSubclass(dict, MMB) self.assertIsSubclass(MMA, typing.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMB, typing.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMC, typing.Mapping) self.assertIsInstance(MMB[KT, VT](), typing.Mapping) self.assertIsInstance(MMB[KT, VT](), collections.abc.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMA, collections.abc.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMB, collections.abc.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMC, collections.abc.Mapping) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(MMB[str, str], typing.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(MMC, MMA) class I(typing.Iterable): ... self.assertNotIsSubclass(list, I) class G(typing.Generator[int, int, int]): ... def g(): yield 0 self.assertIsSubclass(G, typing.Generator) self.assertIsSubclass(G, typing.Iterable) self.assertIsSubclass(G, collections.abc.Generator) self.assertIsSubclass(G, collections.abc.Iterable) self.assertNotIsSubclass(type(g), G) def test_subclassing_async_generator(self): class G(typing.AsyncGenerator[int, int]): def asend(self, value): pass def athrow(self, typ, val=None, tb=None): pass ns = {} exec('async def g(): yield 0', globals(), ns) g = ns['g'] self.assertIsSubclass(G, typing.AsyncGenerator) self.assertIsSubclass(G, typing.AsyncIterable) self.assertIsSubclass(G, collections.abc.AsyncGenerator) self.assertIsSubclass(G, collections.abc.AsyncIterable) self.assertNotIsSubclass(type(g), G) instance = G() self.assertIsInstance(instance, typing.AsyncGenerator) self.assertIsInstance(instance, typing.AsyncIterable) self.assertIsInstance(instance, collections.abc.AsyncGenerator) self.assertIsInstance(instance, collections.abc.AsyncIterable) self.assertNotIsInstance(type(g), G) self.assertNotIsInstance(g, G) def test_subclassing_subclasshook(self): class Base(typing.Iterable): @classmethod def __subclasshook__(cls, other): if other.__name__ == 'Foo': return True else: return False class C(Base): ... class Foo: ... class Bar: ... self.assertIsSubclass(Foo, Base) self.assertIsSubclass(Foo, C) self.assertNotIsSubclass(Bar, C) def test_subclassing_register(self): class A(typing.Container): ... class B(A): ... class C: ... A.register(C) self.assertIsSubclass(C, A) self.assertNotIsSubclass(C, B) class D: ... B.register(D) self.assertIsSubclass(D, A) self.assertIsSubclass(D, B) class M(): ... collections.abc.MutableMapping.register(M) self.assertIsSubclass(M, typing.Mapping) def test_collections_as_base(self): class M(collections.abc.Mapping): ... self.assertIsSubclass(M, typing.Mapping) self.assertIsSubclass(M, typing.Iterable) class S(collections.abc.MutableSequence): ... self.assertIsSubclass(S, typing.MutableSequence) self.assertIsSubclass(S, typing.Iterable) class I(collections.abc.Iterable): ... self.assertIsSubclass(I, typing.Iterable) class A(collections.abc.Mapping, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): ... class B: ... A.register(B) self.assertIsSubclass(B, typing.Mapping) def test_or_and_ror(self): self.assertEqual(typing.Sized | typing.Awaitable, Union[typing.Sized, typing.Awaitable]) self.assertEqual(typing.Coroutine | typing.Hashable, Union[typing.Coroutine, typing.Hashable]) class OtherABCTests(BaseTestCase): def test_contextmanager(self): @contextlib.contextmanager def manager(): yield 42 cm = manager() self.assertIsInstance(cm, typing.ContextManager) self.assertNotIsInstance(42, typing.ContextManager) @skipUnless(ASYNCIO, 'Python 3.5 required') def test_async_contextmanager(self): class NotACM: pass self.assertIsInstance(ACM(), typing.AsyncContextManager) self.assertNotIsInstance(NotACM(), typing.AsyncContextManager) @contextlib.contextmanager def manager(): yield 42 cm = manager() self.assertNotIsInstance(cm, typing.AsyncContextManager) self.assertEqual(typing.AsyncContextManager[int].__args__, (int,)) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, typing.AsyncContextManager[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.AsyncContextManager[int, str] class TypeTests(BaseTestCase): def test_type_basic(self): class User: pass class BasicUser(User): pass class ProUser(User): pass def new_user(user_class: Type[User]) -> User: return user_class() new_user(BasicUser) def test_type_typevar(self): class User: pass class BasicUser(User): pass class ProUser(User): pass U = TypeVar('U', bound=User) def new_user(user_class: Type[U]) -> U: return user_class() new_user(BasicUser) def test_type_optional(self): A = Optional[Type[BaseException]] def foo(a: A) -> Optional[BaseException]: if a is None: return None else: return a() assert isinstance(foo(KeyboardInterrupt), KeyboardInterrupt) assert foo(None) is None class NewTypeTests(BaseTestCase): @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): global UserId UserId = NewType('UserId', int) cls.UserName = NewType(cls.__qualname__ + '.UserName', str) @classmethod def tearDownClass(cls): global UserId del UserId del cls.UserName def tearDown(self): self.clear_caches() def test_basic(self): self.assertIsInstance(UserId(5), int) self.assertIsInstance(self.UserName('Joe'), str) self.assertEqual(UserId(5) + 1, 6) def test_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(UserId, int) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class D(UserId): pass def test_or(self): for cls in (int, self.UserName): with self.subTest(cls=cls): self.assertEqual(UserId | cls, Union[UserId, cls]) self.assertEqual(cls | UserId, Union[cls, UserId]) self.assertEqual(get_args(UserId | cls), (UserId, cls)) self.assertEqual(get_args(cls | UserId), (cls, UserId)) def test_special_attrs(self): self.assertEqual(UserId.__name__, 'UserId') self.assertEqual(UserId.__qualname__, 'UserId') self.assertEqual(UserId.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(UserId.__supertype__, int) UserName = self.UserName self.assertEqual(UserName.__name__, 'UserName') self.assertEqual(UserName.__qualname__, self.__class__.__qualname__ + '.UserName') self.assertEqual(UserName.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(UserName.__supertype__, str) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(UserId), f'{__name__}.UserId') self.assertEqual(repr(self.UserName), f'{__name__}.{self.__class__.__qualname__}.UserName') def test_pickle(self): UserAge = NewType('UserAge', float) for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): with self.subTest(proto=proto): pickled = pickle.dumps(UserId, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(pickled) self.assertIs(loaded, UserId) pickled = pickle.dumps(self.UserName, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(pickled) self.assertIs(loaded, self.UserName) with self.assertRaises(pickle.PicklingError): pickle.dumps(UserAge, proto) def test_missing__name__(self): code = ("import typing\n" "NT = typing.NewType('NT', int)\n" ) exec(code, {}) class NamedTupleTests(BaseTestCase): class NestedEmployee(NamedTuple): name: str cool: int def test_basics(self): Emp = NamedTuple('Emp', [('name', str), ('id', int)]) self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, tuple) joe = Emp('Joe', 42) jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1) self.assertIsInstance(joe, Emp) self.assertIsInstance(joe, tuple) self.assertEqual(joe.name, 'Joe') self.assertEqual(joe.id, 42) self.assertEqual(jim.name, 'Jim') self.assertEqual(jim.id, 1) self.assertEqual(Emp.__name__, 'Emp') self.assertEqual(Emp._fields, ('name', 'id')) self.assertEqual(Emp.__annotations__, collections.OrderedDict([('name', str), ('id', int)])) def test_namedtuple_pyversion(self): if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple('Name', one=int, other=str) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class NotYet(NamedTuple): whatever = 0 def test_annotation_usage(self): tim = CoolEmployee('Tim', 9000) self.assertIsInstance(tim, CoolEmployee) self.assertIsInstance(tim, tuple) self.assertEqual(tim.name, 'Tim') self.assertEqual(tim.cool, 9000) self.assertEqual(CoolEmployee.__name__, 'CoolEmployee') self.assertEqual(CoolEmployee._fields, ('name', 'cool')) self.assertEqual(CoolEmployee.__annotations__, collections.OrderedDict(name=str, cool=int)) def test_annotation_usage_with_default(self): jelle = CoolEmployeeWithDefault('Jelle') self.assertIsInstance(jelle, CoolEmployeeWithDefault) self.assertIsInstance(jelle, tuple) self.assertEqual(jelle.name, 'Jelle') self.assertEqual(jelle.cool, 0) cooler_employee = CoolEmployeeWithDefault('Sjoerd', 1) self.assertEqual(cooler_employee.cool, 1) self.assertEqual(CoolEmployeeWithDefault.__name__, 'CoolEmployeeWithDefault') self.assertEqual(CoolEmployeeWithDefault._fields, ('name', 'cool')) self.assertEqual(CoolEmployeeWithDefault.__annotations__, dict(name=str, cool=int)) self.assertEqual(CoolEmployeeWithDefault._field_defaults, dict(cool=0)) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class NonDefaultAfterDefault(NamedTuple): x: int = 3 y: int def test_annotation_usage_with_methods(self): self.assertEqual(XMeth(1).double(), 2) self.assertEqual(XMeth(42).x, XMeth(42)[0]) self.assertEqual(str(XRepr(42)), '42 -> 1') self.assertEqual(XRepr(1, 2) + XRepr(3), 0) with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): class XMethBad(NamedTuple): x: int def _fields(self): return 'no chance for this' with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): class XMethBad2(NamedTuple): x: int def _source(self): return 'no chance for this as well' def test_multiple_inheritance(self): class A: pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(NamedTuple, A): x: int def test_namedtuple_keyword_usage(self): LocalEmployee = NamedTuple("LocalEmployee", name=str, age=int) nick = LocalEmployee('Nick', 25) self.assertIsInstance(nick, tuple) self.assertEqual(nick.name, 'Nick') self.assertEqual(LocalEmployee.__name__, 'LocalEmployee') self.assertEqual(LocalEmployee._fields, ('name', 'age')) self.assertEqual(LocalEmployee.__annotations__, dict(name=str, age=int)) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple('Name', [('x', int)], y=str) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple('Name', x=1, y='a') def test_namedtuple_special_keyword_names(self): NT = NamedTuple("NT", cls=type, self=object, typename=str, fields=list) self.assertEqual(NT.__name__, 'NT') self.assertEqual(NT._fields, ('cls', 'self', 'typename', 'fields')) a = NT(cls=str, self=42, typename='foo', fields=[('bar', tuple)]) self.assertEqual(a.cls, str) self.assertEqual(a.self, 42) self.assertEqual(a.typename, 'foo') self.assertEqual(a.fields, [('bar', tuple)]) def test_empty_namedtuple(self): NT = NamedTuple('NT') class CNT(NamedTuple): pass # empty body for struct in [NT, CNT]: with self.subTest(struct=struct): self.assertEqual(struct._fields, ()) self.assertEqual(struct._field_defaults, {}) self.assertEqual(struct.__annotations__, {}) self.assertIsInstance(struct(), struct) def test_namedtuple_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple.__new__() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple('Emp', [('name', str)], None) with self.assertRaises(ValueError): NamedTuple('Emp', [('_name', str)]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple(typename='Emp', name=str, id=int) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): NamedTuple('Emp', fields=[('name', str), ('id', int)]) def test_copy_and_pickle(self): global Emp # pickle wants to reference the class by name Emp = NamedTuple('Emp', [('name', str), ('cool', int)]) for cls in Emp, CoolEmployee, self.NestedEmployee: with self.subTest(cls=cls): jane = cls('jane', 37) for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(jane, proto) jane2 = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(jane2, jane) self.assertIsInstance(jane2, cls) jane2 = copy(jane) self.assertEqual(jane2, jane) self.assertIsInstance(jane2, cls) jane2 = deepcopy(jane) self.assertEqual(jane2, jane) self.assertIsInstance(jane2, cls) class TypedDictTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics_functional_syntax(self): Emp = TypedDict('Emp', {'name': str, 'id': int}) self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, dict) self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, typing.MutableMapping) self.assertNotIsSubclass(Emp, collections.abc.Sequence) jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1) self.assertIs(type(jim), dict) self.assertEqual(jim['name'], 'Jim') self.assertEqual(jim['id'], 1) self.assertEqual(Emp.__name__, 'Emp') self.assertEqual(Emp.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(Emp.__bases__, (dict,)) self.assertEqual(Emp.__annotations__, {'name': str, 'id': int}) self.assertEqual(Emp.__total__, True) def test_basics_keywords_syntax(self): Emp = TypedDict('Emp', name=str, id=int) self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, dict) self.assertIsSubclass(Emp, typing.MutableMapping) self.assertNotIsSubclass(Emp, collections.abc.Sequence) jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1) self.assertIs(type(jim), dict) self.assertEqual(jim['name'], 'Jim') self.assertEqual(jim['id'], 1) self.assertEqual(Emp.__name__, 'Emp') self.assertEqual(Emp.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(Emp.__bases__, (dict,)) self.assertEqual(Emp.__annotations__, {'name': str, 'id': int}) self.assertEqual(Emp.__total__, True) def test_typeddict_special_keyword_names(self): TD = TypedDict("TD", cls=type, self=object, typename=str, _typename=int, fields=list, _fields=dict) self.assertEqual(TD.__name__, 'TD') self.assertEqual(TD.__annotations__, {'cls': type, 'self': object, 'typename': str, '_typename': int, 'fields': list, '_fields': dict}) a = TD(cls=str, self=42, typename='foo', _typename=53, fields=[('bar', tuple)], _fields={'baz', set}) self.assertEqual(a['cls'], str) self.assertEqual(a['self'], 42) self.assertEqual(a['typename'], 'foo') self.assertEqual(a['_typename'], 53) self.assertEqual(a['fields'], [('bar', tuple)]) self.assertEqual(a['_fields'], {'baz', set}) def test_typeddict_create_errors(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict.__new__() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict('Emp', [('name', str)], None) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict(_typename='Emp', name=str, id=int) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict('Emp', _fields={'name': str, 'id': int}) def test_typeddict_errors(self): Emp = TypedDict('Emp', {'name': str, 'id': int}) self.assertEqual(TypedDict.__module__, 'typing') jim = Emp(name='Jim', id=1) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance({}, Emp) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(jim, Emp) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(dict, Emp) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict('Hi', x=1) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict('Hi', [('x', int), ('y', 1)]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypedDict('Hi', [('x', int)], y=int) def test_py36_class_syntax_usage(self): self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__name__, 'LabelPoint2D') self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__module__, __name__) self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__annotations__, {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str}) self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__bases__, (dict,)) self.assertEqual(LabelPoint2D.__total__, True) self.assertNotIsSubclass(LabelPoint2D, typing.Sequence) not_origin = Point2D(x=0, y=1) self.assertEqual(not_origin['x'], 0) self.assertEqual(not_origin['y'], 1) other = LabelPoint2D(x=0, y=1, label='hi') self.assertEqual(other['label'], 'hi') def test_pickle(self): global EmpD # pickle wants to reference the class by name EmpD = TypedDict('EmpD', name=str, id=int) jane = EmpD({'name': 'jane', 'id': 37}) for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(jane, proto) jane2 = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(jane2, jane) self.assertEqual(jane2, {'name': 'jane', 'id': 37}) ZZ = pickle.dumps(EmpD, proto) EmpDnew = pickle.loads(ZZ) self.assertEqual(EmpDnew({'name': 'jane', 'id': 37}), jane) def test_optional(self): EmpD = TypedDict('EmpD', name=str, id=int) self.assertEqual(typing.Optional[EmpD], typing.Union[None, EmpD]) self.assertNotEqual(typing.List[EmpD], typing.Tuple[EmpD]) def test_total(self): D = TypedDict('D', {'x': int}, total=False) self.assertEqual(D(), {}) self.assertEqual(D(x=1), {'x': 1}) self.assertEqual(D.__total__, False) self.assertEqual(D.__required_keys__, frozenset()) self.assertEqual(D.__optional_keys__, {'x'}) self.assertEqual(Options(), {}) self.assertEqual(Options(log_level=2), {'log_level': 2}) self.assertEqual(Options.__total__, False) self.assertEqual(Options.__required_keys__, frozenset()) self.assertEqual(Options.__optional_keys__, {'log_level', 'log_path'}) def test_optional_keys(self): class Point2Dor3D(Point2D, total=False): z: int assert Point2Dor3D.__required_keys__ == frozenset(['x', 'y']) assert Point2Dor3D.__optional_keys__ == frozenset(['z']) def test_keys_inheritance(self): class BaseAnimal(TypedDict): name: str class Animal(BaseAnimal, total=False): voice: str tail: bool class Cat(Animal): fur_color: str assert BaseAnimal.__required_keys__ == frozenset(['name']) assert BaseAnimal.__optional_keys__ == frozenset([]) assert BaseAnimal.__annotations__ == {'name': str} assert Animal.__required_keys__ == frozenset(['name']) assert Animal.__optional_keys__ == frozenset(['tail', 'voice']) assert Animal.__annotations__ == { 'name': str, 'tail': bool, 'voice': str, } assert Cat.__required_keys__ == frozenset(['name', 'fur_color']) assert Cat.__optional_keys__ == frozenset(['tail', 'voice']) assert Cat.__annotations__ == { 'fur_color': str, 'name': str, 'tail': bool, 'voice': str, } def test_multiple_inheritance(self): class One(TypedDict): one: int class Two(TypedDict): two: str class Untotal(TypedDict, total=False): untotal: str Inline = TypedDict('Inline', {'inline': bool}) class Regular: pass class Child(One, Two): child: bool self.assertEqual( Child.__required_keys__, frozenset(['one', 'two', 'child']), ) self.assertEqual( Child.__optional_keys__, frozenset([]), ) self.assertEqual( Child.__annotations__, {'one': int, 'two': str, 'child': bool}, ) class ChildWithOptional(One, Untotal): child: bool self.assertEqual( ChildWithOptional.__required_keys__, frozenset(['one', 'child']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithOptional.__optional_keys__, frozenset(['untotal']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithOptional.__annotations__, {'one': int, 'untotal': str, 'child': bool}, ) class ChildWithTotalFalse(One, Untotal, total=False): child: bool self.assertEqual( ChildWithTotalFalse.__required_keys__, frozenset(['one']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithTotalFalse.__optional_keys__, frozenset(['untotal', 'child']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithTotalFalse.__annotations__, {'one': int, 'untotal': str, 'child': bool}, ) class ChildWithInlineAndOptional(Untotal, Inline): child: bool self.assertEqual( ChildWithInlineAndOptional.__required_keys__, frozenset(['inline', 'child']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithInlineAndOptional.__optional_keys__, frozenset(['untotal']), ) self.assertEqual( ChildWithInlineAndOptional.__annotations__, {'inline': bool, 'untotal': str, 'child': bool}, ) wrong_bases = [ (One, Regular), (Regular, One), (One, Two, Regular), (Inline, Regular), (Untotal, Regular), ] for bases in wrong_bases: with self.subTest(bases=bases): with self.assertRaisesRegex( TypeError, 'cannot inherit from both a TypedDict type and a non-TypedDict', ): class Wrong(*bases): pass def test_is_typeddict(self): assert is_typeddict(Point2D) is True assert is_typeddict(Union[str, int]) is False # classes, not instances assert is_typeddict(Point2D()) is False def test_get_type_hints(self): self.assertEqual( get_type_hints(Bar), {'a': typing.Optional[int], 'b': int} ) def test_non_generic_subscript(self): # For backward compatibility, subscription works # on arbitrary TypedDict types. class TD(TypedDict): a: T A = TD[int] self.assertEqual(A.__origin__, TD) self.assertEqual(A.__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(A.__args__, (int,)) a = A(a = 1) self.assertIs(type(a), dict) self.assertEqual(a, {'a': 1}) class IOTests(BaseTestCase): def test_io(self): def stuff(a: IO) -> AnyStr: return a.readline() a = stuff.__annotations__['a'] self.assertEqual(a.__parameters__, (AnyStr,)) def test_textio(self): def stuff(a: TextIO) -> str: return a.readline() a = stuff.__annotations__['a'] self.assertEqual(a.__parameters__, ()) def test_binaryio(self): def stuff(a: BinaryIO) -> bytes: return a.readline() a = stuff.__annotations__['a'] self.assertEqual(a.__parameters__, ()) def test_io_submodule(self): from typing.io import IO, TextIO, BinaryIO, __all__, __name__ self.assertIs(IO, typing.IO) self.assertIs(TextIO, typing.TextIO) self.assertIs(BinaryIO, typing.BinaryIO) self.assertEqual(set(__all__), set(['IO', 'TextIO', 'BinaryIO'])) self.assertEqual(__name__, 'typing.io') class RETests(BaseTestCase): # Much of this is really testing _TypeAlias. def test_basics(self): pat = re.compile('[a-z]+', re.I) self.assertIsSubclass(pat.__class__, Pattern) self.assertIsSubclass(type(pat), Pattern) self.assertIsInstance(pat, Pattern) mat = pat.search('12345abcde.....') self.assertIsSubclass(mat.__class__, Match) self.assertIsSubclass(type(mat), Match) self.assertIsInstance(mat, Match) # these should just work Pattern[Union[str, bytes]] Match[Union[bytes, str]] def test_alias_equality(self): self.assertEqual(Pattern[str], Pattern[str]) self.assertNotEqual(Pattern[str], Pattern[bytes]) self.assertNotEqual(Pattern[str], Match[str]) self.assertNotEqual(Pattern[str], str) def test_errors(self): m = Match[Union[str, bytes]] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): m[str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # We don't support isinstance(). isinstance(42, Pattern[str]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): # We don't support issubclass(). issubclass(Pattern[bytes], Pattern[str]) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(Pattern), 'typing.Pattern') self.assertEqual(repr(Pattern[str]), 'typing.Pattern[str]') self.assertEqual(repr(Pattern[bytes]), 'typing.Pattern[bytes]') self.assertEqual(repr(Match), 'typing.Match') self.assertEqual(repr(Match[str]), 'typing.Match[str]') self.assertEqual(repr(Match[bytes]), 'typing.Match[bytes]') def test_re_submodule(self): from typing.re import Match, Pattern, __all__, __name__ self.assertIs(Match, typing.Match) self.assertIs(Pattern, typing.Pattern) self.assertEqual(set(__all__), set(['Match', 'Pattern'])) self.assertEqual(__name__, 'typing.re') def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as ex: class A(typing.Match): pass self.assertEqual(str(ex.exception), "type 're.Match' is not an acceptable base type") class AnnotatedTests(BaseTestCase): def test_new(self): with self.assertRaisesRegex( TypeError, 'Type Annotated cannot be instantiated', ): Annotated() def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual( repr(Annotated[int, 4, 5]), "typing.Annotated[int, 4, 5]" ) self.assertEqual( repr(Annotated[List[int], 4, 5]), "typing.Annotated[typing.List[int], 4, 5]" ) def test_flatten(self): A = Annotated[Annotated[int, 4], 5] self.assertEqual(A, Annotated[int, 4, 5]) self.assertEqual(A.__metadata__, (4, 5)) self.assertEqual(A.__origin__, int) def test_specialize(self): L = Annotated[List[T], "my decoration"] LI = Annotated[List[int], "my decoration"] self.assertEqual(L[int], Annotated[List[int], "my decoration"]) self.assertEqual(L[int].__metadata__, ("my decoration",)) self.assertEqual(L[int].__origin__, List[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): LI[int] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): L[int, float] def test_hash_eq(self): self.assertEqual(len({Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 4, 5]}), 1) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 5, 4]) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[str, 4, 5]) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4], Annotated[int, 4, 4]) self.assertEqual( {Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[T, 4, 5]}, {Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[T, 4, 5]} ) def test_instantiate(self): class C: classvar = 4 def __init__(self, x): self.x = x def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, C): return NotImplemented return other.x == self.x A = Annotated[C, "a decoration"] a = A(5) c = C(5) self.assertEqual(a, c) self.assertEqual(a.x, c.x) self.assertEqual(a.classvar, c.classvar) def test_instantiate_generic(self): MyCount = Annotated[typing.Counter[T], "my decoration"] self.assertEqual(MyCount([4, 4, 5]), {4: 2, 5: 1}) self.assertEqual(MyCount[int]([4, 4, 5]), {4: 2, 5: 1}) def test_cannot_instantiate_forward(self): A = Annotated["int", (5, 6)] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): A(5) def test_cannot_instantiate_type_var(self): A = Annotated[T, (5, 6)] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): A(5) def test_cannot_getattr_typevar(self): with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): Annotated[T, (5, 7)].x def test_attr_passthrough(self): class C: classvar = 4 A = Annotated[C, "a decoration"] self.assertEqual(A.classvar, 4) A.x = 5 self.assertEqual(C.x, 5) def test_special_form_containment(self): class C: classvar: Annotated[ClassVar[int], "a decoration"] = 4 const: Annotated[Final[int], "Const"] = 4 self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals())['classvar'], ClassVar[int]) self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(C, globals())['const'], Final[int]) def test_hash_eq(self): self.assertEqual(len({Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 4, 5]}), 1) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 5, 4]) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[str, 4, 5]) self.assertNotEqual(Annotated[int, 4], Annotated[int, 4, 4]) self.assertEqual( {Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[T, 4, 5]}, {Annotated[int, 4, 5], Annotated[T, 4, 5]} ) def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot subclass .*Annotated"): class C(Annotated): pass def test_cannot_check_instance(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(5, Annotated[int, "positive"]) def test_cannot_check_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, Annotated[int, "positive"]) def test_too_few_type_args(self): with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'at least two arguments'): Annotated[int] def test_pickle(self): samples = [typing.Any, typing.Union[int, str], typing.Optional[str], Tuple[int, ...], typing.Callable[[str], bytes]] for t in samples: x = Annotated[t, "a"] for prot in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): with self.subTest(protocol=prot, type=t): pickled = pickle.dumps(x, prot) restored = pickle.loads(pickled) self.assertEqual(x, restored) global _Annotated_test_G class _Annotated_test_G(Generic[T]): x = 1 G = Annotated[_Annotated_test_G[int], "A decoration"] G.foo = 42 G.bar = 'abc' for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): z = pickle.dumps(G, proto) x = pickle.loads(z) self.assertEqual(x.foo, 42) self.assertEqual(x.bar, 'abc') self.assertEqual(x.x, 1) def test_subst(self): dec = "a decoration" dec2 = "another decoration" S = Annotated[T, dec2] self.assertEqual(S[int], Annotated[int, dec2]) self.assertEqual(S[Annotated[int, dec]], Annotated[int, dec, dec2]) L = Annotated[List[T], dec] self.assertEqual(L[int], Annotated[List[int], dec]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): L[int, int] self.assertEqual(S[L[int]], Annotated[List[int], dec, dec2]) D = Annotated[typing.Dict[KT, VT], dec] self.assertEqual(D[str, int], Annotated[typing.Dict[str, int], dec]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): D[int] It = Annotated[int, dec] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): It[None] LI = L[int] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): LI[None] def test_annotated_in_other_types(self): X = List[Annotated[T, 5]] self.assertEqual(X[int], List[Annotated[int, 5]]) def test_annotated_mro(self): class X(Annotated[int, (1, 10)]): ... self.assertEqual(X.__mro__, (X, int, object), "Annotated should be transparent.") class TypeAliasTests(BaseTestCase): def test_canonical_usage_with_variable_annotation(self): Alias: TypeAlias = Employee def test_canonical_usage_with_type_comment(self): Alias = Employee # type: TypeAlias def test_cannot_instantiate(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeAlias() def test_no_isinstance(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(42, TypeAlias) def test_stringized_usage(self): class A: a: "TypeAlias" self.assertEqual(get_type_hints(A), {'a': TypeAlias}) def test_no_issubclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(Employee, TypeAlias) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(TypeAlias, Employee) def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(TypeAlias): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(TypeAlias)): pass def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(TypeAlias), 'typing.TypeAlias') def test_cannot_subscript(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeAlias[int] class ParamSpecTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basic_plain(self): P = ParamSpec('P') self.assertEqual(P, P) self.assertIsInstance(P, ParamSpec) def test_valid_uses(self): P = ParamSpec('P') T = TypeVar('T') C1 = Callable[P, int] self.assertEqual(C1.__args__, (P, int)) self.assertEqual(C1.__parameters__, (P,)) C2 = Callable[P, T] self.assertEqual(C2.__args__, (P, T)) self.assertEqual(C2.__parameters__, (P, T)) # Test collections.abc.Callable too. C3 = collections.abc.Callable[P, int] self.assertEqual(C3.__args__, (P, int)) self.assertEqual(C3.__parameters__, (P,)) C4 = collections.abc.Callable[P, T] self.assertEqual(C4.__args__, (P, T)) self.assertEqual(C4.__parameters__, (P, T)) def test_args_kwargs(self): P = ParamSpec('P') P_2 = ParamSpec('P_2') self.assertIn('args', dir(P)) self.assertIn('kwargs', dir(P)) self.assertIsInstance(P.args, ParamSpecArgs) self.assertIsInstance(P.kwargs, ParamSpecKwargs) self.assertIs(P.args.__origin__, P) self.assertIs(P.kwargs.__origin__, P) self.assertEqual(P.args, P.args) self.assertEqual(P.kwargs, P.kwargs) self.assertNotEqual(P.args, P_2.args) self.assertNotEqual(P.kwargs, P_2.kwargs) self.assertNotEqual(P.args, P.kwargs) self.assertNotEqual(P.kwargs, P.args) self.assertNotEqual(P.args, P_2.kwargs) self.assertEqual(repr(P.args), "P.args") self.assertEqual(repr(P.kwargs), "P.kwargs") def test_stringized(self): P = ParamSpec('P') class C(Generic[P]): func: Callable["P", int] def foo(self, *args: "P.args", **kwargs: "P.kwargs"): pass self.assertEqual(gth(C, globals(), locals()), {"func": Callable[P, int]}) self.assertEqual( gth(C.foo, globals(), locals()), {"args": P.args, "kwargs": P.kwargs} ) def test_user_generics(self): T = TypeVar("T") P = ParamSpec("P") P_2 = ParamSpec("P_2") class X(Generic[T, P]): f: Callable[P, int] x: T G1 = X[int, P_2] self.assertEqual(G1.__args__, (int, P_2)) self.assertEqual(G1.__parameters__, (P_2,)) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "few arguments for"): X[int] with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "many arguments for"): X[int, P_2, str] G2 = X[int, Concatenate[int, P_2]] self.assertEqual(G2.__args__, (int, Concatenate[int, P_2])) self.assertEqual(G2.__parameters__, (P_2,)) G3 = X[int, [int, bool]] self.assertEqual(G3.__args__, (int, (int, bool))) self.assertEqual(G3.__parameters__, ()) G4 = X[int, ...] self.assertEqual(G4.__args__, (int, Ellipsis)) self.assertEqual(G4.__parameters__, ()) class Z(Generic[P]): f: Callable[P, int] G5 = Z[[int, str, bool]] self.assertEqual(G5.__args__, ((int, str, bool),)) self.assertEqual(G5.__parameters__, ()) G6 = Z[int, str, bool] self.assertEqual(G6.__args__, ((int, str, bool),)) self.assertEqual(G6.__parameters__, ()) # G5 and G6 should be equivalent according to the PEP self.assertEqual(G5.__args__, G6.__args__) self.assertEqual(G5.__origin__, G6.__origin__) self.assertEqual(G5.__parameters__, G6.__parameters__) self.assertEqual(G5, G6) G7 = Z[int] self.assertEqual(G7.__args__, ((int,),)) self.assertEqual(G7.__parameters__, ()) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "many arguments for"): Z[[int, str], bool] with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "many arguments for"): Z[P_2, bool] def test_multiple_paramspecs_in_user_generics(self): P = ParamSpec("P") P2 = ParamSpec("P2") class X(Generic[P, P2]): f: Callable[P, int] g: Callable[P2, str] G1 = X[[int, str], [bytes]] G2 = X[[int], [str, bytes]] self.assertNotEqual(G1, G2) self.assertEqual(G1.__args__, ((int, str), (bytes,))) self.assertEqual(G2.__args__, ((int,), (str, bytes))) def test_bad_var_substitution(self): T = TypeVar('T') P = ParamSpec('P') bad_args = (42, int, None, T, int|str, Union[int, str]) for arg in bad_args: with self.subTest(arg=arg): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): typing.Callable[P, T][arg, str] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): collections.abc.Callable[P, T][arg, str] def test_no_paramspec_in__parameters__(self): # ParamSpec should not be found in __parameters__ # of generics. Usages outside Callable, Concatenate # and Generic are invalid. T = TypeVar("T") P = ParamSpec("P") self.assertNotIn(P, List[P].__parameters__) self.assertIn(T, Tuple[T, P].__parameters__) # Test for consistency with builtin generics. self.assertNotIn(P, list[P].__parameters__) self.assertIn(T, tuple[T, P].__parameters__) self.assertNotIn(P, (list[P] | int).__parameters__) self.assertIn(T, (tuple[T, P] | int).__parameters__) def test_paramspec_in_nested_generics(self): # Although ParamSpec should not be found in __parameters__ of most # generics, they probably should be found when nested in # a valid location. T = TypeVar("T") P = ParamSpec("P") C1 = Callable[P, T] G1 = List[C1] G2 = list[C1] G3 = list[C1] | int self.assertEqual(G1.__parameters__, (P, T)) self.assertEqual(G2.__parameters__, (P, T)) self.assertEqual(G3.__parameters__, (P, T)) C = Callable[[int, str], float] self.assertEqual(G1[[int, str], float], List[C]) self.assertEqual(G2[[int, str], float], list[C]) self.assertEqual(G3[[int, str], float], list[C] | int) def test_paramspec_gets_copied(self): # bpo-46581 P = ParamSpec('P') P2 = ParamSpec('P2') C1 = Callable[P, int] self.assertEqual(C1.__parameters__, (P,)) self.assertEqual(C1[P2].__parameters__, (P2,)) self.assertEqual(C1[str].__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(C1[str, T].__parameters__, (T,)) self.assertEqual(C1[Concatenate[str, P2]].__parameters__, (P2,)) self.assertEqual(C1[Concatenate[T, P2]].__parameters__, (T, P2)) self.assertEqual(C1[...].__parameters__, ()) C2 = Callable[Concatenate[str, P], int] self.assertEqual(C2.__parameters__, (P,)) self.assertEqual(C2[P2].__parameters__, (P2,)) self.assertEqual(C2[str].__parameters__, ()) self.assertEqual(C2[str, T].__parameters__, (T,)) self.assertEqual(C2[Concatenate[str, P2]].__parameters__, (P2,)) self.assertEqual(C2[Concatenate[T, P2]].__parameters__, (T, P2)) class ConcatenateTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): P = ParamSpec('P') class MyClass: ... c = Concatenate[MyClass, P] self.assertNotEqual(c, Concatenate) def test_valid_uses(self): P = ParamSpec('P') T = TypeVar('T') C1 = Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int] self.assertEqual(C1.__args__, (Concatenate[int, P], int)) self.assertEqual(C1.__parameters__, (P,)) C2 = Callable[Concatenate[int, T, P], T] self.assertEqual(C2.__args__, (Concatenate[int, T, P], T)) self.assertEqual(C2.__parameters__, (T, P)) # Test collections.abc.Callable too. C3 = collections.abc.Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int] self.assertEqual(C3.__args__, (Concatenate[int, P], int)) self.assertEqual(C3.__parameters__, (P,)) C4 = collections.abc.Callable[Concatenate[int, T, P], T] self.assertEqual(C4.__args__, (Concatenate[int, T, P], T)) self.assertEqual(C4.__parameters__, (T, P)) def test_var_substitution(self): T = TypeVar('T') P = ParamSpec('P') P2 = ParamSpec('P2') C = Concatenate[T, P] self.assertEqual(C[int, P2], Concatenate[int, P2]) self.assertEqual(C[int, [str, float]], (int, str, float)) self.assertEqual(C[int, []], (int,)) self.assertEqual(C[int, Concatenate[str, P2]], Concatenate[int, str, P2]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[int, ...] C = Concatenate[int, P] self.assertEqual(C[P2], Concatenate[int, P2]) self.assertEqual(C[[str, float]], (int, str, float)) self.assertEqual(C[str, float], (int, str, float)) self.assertEqual(C[[]], (int,)) self.assertEqual(C[Concatenate[str, P2]], Concatenate[int, str, P2]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): C[...] class TypeGuardTests(BaseTestCase): def test_basics(self): TypeGuard[int] # OK def foo(arg) -> TypeGuard[int]: ... self.assertEqual(gth(foo), {'return': TypeGuard[int]}) def test_repr(self): self.assertEqual(repr(TypeGuard), 'typing.TypeGuard') cv = TypeGuard[int] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.TypeGuard[int]') cv = TypeGuard[Employee] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.TypeGuard[%s.Employee]' % __name__) cv = TypeGuard[tuple[int]] self.assertEqual(repr(cv), 'typing.TypeGuard[tuple[int]]') def test_cannot_subclass(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(TypeGuard)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C(type(TypeGuard[int])): pass def test_cannot_init(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): TypeGuard() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(TypeGuard)() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): type(TypeGuard[Optional[int]])() def test_no_isinstance(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): isinstance(1, TypeGuard[int]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): issubclass(int, TypeGuard) SpecialAttrsP = typing.ParamSpec('SpecialAttrsP') SpecialAttrsT = typing.TypeVar('SpecialAttrsT', int, float, complex) class SpecialAttrsTests(BaseTestCase): def test_special_attrs(self): cls_to_check = { # ABC classes typing.AbstractSet: 'AbstractSet', typing.AsyncContextManager: 'AsyncContextManager', typing.AsyncGenerator: 'AsyncGenerator', typing.AsyncIterable: 'AsyncIterable', typing.AsyncIterator: 'AsyncIterator', typing.Awaitable: 'Awaitable', typing.ByteString: 'ByteString', typing.Callable: 'Callable', typing.ChainMap: 'ChainMap', typing.Collection: 'Collection', typing.Container: 'Container', typing.ContextManager: 'ContextManager', typing.Coroutine: 'Coroutine', typing.Counter: 'Counter', typing.DefaultDict: 'DefaultDict', typing.Deque: 'Deque', typing.Dict: 'Dict', typing.FrozenSet: 'FrozenSet', typing.Generator: 'Generator', typing.Hashable: 'Hashable', typing.ItemsView: 'ItemsView', typing.Iterable: 'Iterable', typing.Iterator: 'Iterator', typing.KeysView: 'KeysView', typing.List: 'List', typing.Mapping: 'Mapping', typing.MappingView: 'MappingView', typing.MutableMapping: 'MutableMapping', typing.MutableSequence: 'MutableSequence', typing.MutableSet: 'MutableSet', typing.OrderedDict: 'OrderedDict', typing.Reversible: 'Reversible', typing.Sequence: 'Sequence', typing.Set: 'Set', typing.Sized: 'Sized', typing.Tuple: 'Tuple', typing.Type: 'Type', typing.ValuesView: 'ValuesView', # Subscribed ABC classes typing.AbstractSet[Any]: 'AbstractSet', typing.AsyncContextManager[Any]: 'AsyncContextManager', typing.AsyncGenerator[Any, Any]: 'AsyncGenerator', typing.AsyncIterable[Any]: 'AsyncIterable', typing.AsyncIterator[Any]: 'AsyncIterator', typing.Awaitable[Any]: 'Awaitable', typing.Callable[[], Any]: 'Callable', typing.Callable[..., Any]: 'Callable', typing.ChainMap[Any, Any]: 'ChainMap', typing.Collection[Any]: 'Collection', typing.Container[Any]: 'Container', typing.ContextManager[Any]: 'ContextManager', typing.Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]: 'Coroutine', typing.Counter[Any]: 'Counter', typing.DefaultDict[Any, Any]: 'DefaultDict', typing.Deque[Any]: 'Deque', typing.Dict[Any, Any]: 'Dict', typing.FrozenSet[Any]: 'FrozenSet', typing.Generator[Any, Any, Any]: 'Generator', typing.ItemsView[Any, Any]: 'ItemsView', typing.Iterable[Any]: 'Iterable', typing.Iterator[Any]: 'Iterator', typing.KeysView[Any]: 'KeysView', typing.List[Any]: 'List', typing.Mapping[Any, Any]: 'Mapping', typing.MappingView[Any]: 'MappingView', typing.MutableMapping[Any, Any]: 'MutableMapping', typing.MutableSequence[Any]: 'MutableSequence', typing.MutableSet[Any]: 'MutableSet', typing.OrderedDict[Any, Any]: 'OrderedDict', typing.Reversible[Any]: 'Reversible', typing.Sequence[Any]: 'Sequence', typing.Set[Any]: 'Set', typing.Tuple[Any]: 'Tuple', typing.Tuple[Any, ...]: 'Tuple', typing.Type[Any]: 'Type', typing.ValuesView[Any]: 'ValuesView', # Special Forms typing.Annotated: 'Annotated', typing.Any: 'Any', typing.ClassVar: 'ClassVar', typing.Concatenate: 'Concatenate', typing.Final: 'Final', typing.ForwardRef: 'ForwardRef', typing.Literal: 'Literal', typing.NewType: 'NewType', typing.NoReturn: 'NoReturn', typing.Optional: 'Optional', typing.TypeAlias: 'TypeAlias', typing.TypeGuard: 'TypeGuard', typing.TypeVar: 'TypeVar', typing.Union: 'Union', # Subscribed special forms typing.Annotated[Any, "Annotation"]: 'Annotated', typing.ClassVar[Any]: 'ClassVar', typing.Concatenate[Any, SpecialAttrsP]: 'Concatenate', typing.Final[Any]: 'Final', typing.Literal[Any]: 'Literal', typing.Literal[1, 2]: 'Literal', typing.Literal[True, 2]: 'Literal', typing.Optional[Any]: 'Optional', typing.TypeGuard[Any]: 'TypeGuard', typing.Union[Any]: 'Any', typing.Union[int, float]: 'Union', # Incompatible special forms (tested in test_special_attrs2) # - typing.ForwardRef('set[Any]') # - typing.NewType('TypeName', Any) # - typing.ParamSpec('SpecialAttrsP') # - typing.TypeVar('T') } for cls, name in cls_to_check.items(): with self.subTest(cls=cls): self.assertEqual(cls.__name__, name, str(cls)) self.assertEqual(cls.__qualname__, name, str(cls)) self.assertEqual(cls.__module__, 'typing', str(cls)) for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): s = pickle.dumps(cls, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(s) self.assertIs(cls, loaded) TypeName = typing.NewType('SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName', Any) def test_special_attrs2(self): # Forward refs provide a different introspection API. __name__ and # __qualname__ make little sense for forward refs as they can store # complex typing expressions. fr = typing.ForwardRef('set[Any]') self.assertFalse(hasattr(fr, '__name__')) self.assertFalse(hasattr(fr, '__qualname__')) self.assertEqual(fr.__module__, 'typing') # Forward refs are currently unpicklable. for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as exc: pickle.dumps(fr, proto) self.assertEqual(SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName.__name__, 'TypeName') self.assertEqual( SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName.__qualname__, 'SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName', ) self.assertEqual( SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName.__module__, __name__, ) # NewTypes are picklable assuming correct qualname information. for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): s = pickle.dumps(SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(s) self.assertIs(SpecialAttrsTests.TypeName, loaded) # Type variables don't support non-global instantiation per PEP 484 # restriction that "The argument to TypeVar() must be a string equal # to the variable name to which it is assigned". Thus, providing # __qualname__ is unnecessary. self.assertEqual(SpecialAttrsT.__name__, 'SpecialAttrsT') self.assertFalse(hasattr(SpecialAttrsT, '__qualname__')) self.assertEqual(SpecialAttrsT.__module__, __name__) # Module-level type variables are picklable. for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): s = pickle.dumps(SpecialAttrsT, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(s) self.assertIs(SpecialAttrsT, loaded) self.assertEqual(SpecialAttrsP.__name__, 'SpecialAttrsP') self.assertFalse(hasattr(SpecialAttrsP, '__qualname__')) self.assertEqual(SpecialAttrsP.__module__, __name__) # Module-level ParamSpecs are picklable. for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1): s = pickle.dumps(SpecialAttrsP, proto) loaded = pickle.loads(s) self.assertIs(SpecialAttrsP, loaded) def test_genericalias_dir(self): class Foo(Generic[T]): def bar(self): pass baz = 3 # The class attributes of the original class should be visible even # in dir() of the GenericAlias. See bpo-45755. self.assertIn('bar', dir(Foo[int])) self.assertIn('baz', dir(Foo[int])) class AllTests(BaseTestCase): """Tests for __all__.""" def test_all(self): from typing import __all__ as a # Just spot-check the first and last of every category. self.assertIn('AbstractSet', a) self.assertIn('ValuesView', a) self.assertIn('cast', a) self.assertIn('overload', a) # Context managers. self.assertIn('ContextManager', a) self.assertIn('AsyncContextManager', a) # Check that io and re are not exported. self.assertNotIn('io', a) self.assertNotIn('re', a) # Spot-check that stdlib modules aren't exported. self.assertNotIn('os', a) self.assertNotIn('sys', a) # Check that Text is defined. self.assertIn('Text', a) # Check previously missing classes. self.assertIn('SupportsBytes', a) self.assertIn('SupportsComplex', a) def test_all_exported_names(self): actual_all = set(typing.__all__) computed_all = { k for k, v in vars(typing).items() # explicitly exported, not a thing with __module__ if k in actual_all or ( # avoid private names not k.startswith('_') and # avoid things in the io / re typing submodules k not in typing.io.__all__ and k not in typing.re.__all__ and k not in {'io', 're'} and # there's a few types and metaclasses that aren't exported not k.endswith(('Meta', '_contra', '_co')) and not k.upper() == k and # but export all things that have __module__ == 'typing' getattr(v, '__module__', None) == typing.__name__ ) } self.assertSetEqual(computed_all, actual_all) if __name__ == '__main__': main()